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32 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
Caldera
Large hole at the top of a volcano formed when the roof of a volcanoe magma chamber collapes.
cinder cone
A steep , cone -shaped hill or small mountain, made of volcanic ash, cinder, and bombs, piled up around a volcano's opening.
Composite Volcano
A tall cone shaped MT. in which layers of lava alternate with ash and other volcanic material.
Shield Volcano
A wide gently sloping mountain made of layers of lava and formed by quiet eruptions
Volcanic Neck
A deposit of hardened magma in a volcano's pipe.
Dike
a slab of volcanic rock formed when magma forces itself across rock layers
Sill
a slab of volcanic rock formed when magma squeezes between layers of rock.
batholith
a mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust.
Geothermal activity
The heating of underground water by magma
geysers
A fountain of water and steam that builds up pressure underground and erupts at regular intervals
element
a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances.
compound
a substance in which two or more elements are chemically joined
Physical property
any characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance.
chemical property
any property of a substance that produces a change in the compostion of matter.
viscosity
The resitanced of a liquid to flow
silica
a material found in magma that is formed from the elements oxygen and silicon.
pahoehoe
a hot fast moving type of lava that hardens to form smooth ropelike coils.
aa
slow moving lava, hardens to fomr rough, chuncks, cooler than pahoehoe
pyroclastic flow
The expulsion of ash , cinders, bombs, and gases during and explosive volcanic eruption.
dormant
describes a volcano that is not currently active, but that may become active in the future.
extinct
describes a volcano that is no longer active and is unlikely to erupt again.
crater
a bowl-shaped area that forms around a volcano's central opening.
lava flow
the area covered by lava as it pours out of a volcano's vent.
vent
the opening through which molten rock and gas leave a volcano.
pipe
a long tube through which magma moves from the magma chamber to earth's surface.
magma chamber
the pocket beneath a volcano where magma collects.
hot spot
an area where magma deep within the mantle melts through the crust aove it.
Island Arc
a string of islands formed by the volcanoes along the deep ocean trench
ring of fire
a mjor belt of volcanoes that rims the pacific ocean
lava
liquid magma that reaches the surface also the rock formed when liquid lava forms
magma
the molten mixture of rock -forming substances ,gases, and water from the mantle.
volcano
a weak spot in the crust or magma that has come to the surface