Review For Quiz Tn 32 - 39 Interest Groups

Front 1

A group with a common goal that seeks to influence government

Back 1

interest groups

Front 2

in what document did Madison say that political factions are inevitable but we need to control their effects

Back 2

Federalist # 10

Front 3

He described Americans as having a propensity to join groups

Back 3

Alexis de Tocqueville

Front 4

Give two reasons for the growth of interest groups

Back 4

1. Diffusion of power in the government,
2. diversity of the population, so many different interests.

Front 5

What effect have Politcal Parties had on the growth of interest groups?

Back 5

Parties are weak so interest groups fill the void

Front 6

The goal of this type of interest group is to promote economic interest of its members

Back 6

traditional

Front 7

The goal of this type of interest group is to convince government to implement policies that are consistent with their philosophies

Back 7

ideological

Front 8

Give an example of a non- traditional protest interest group.

Back 8

NAACP

Front 9

Give an example of an interest group that has formed in order to promote the public interest

Back 9

National Association of Governors

Front 10

What type of interest group tends to have a polarizing affect

Back 10

single issue

Front 11

Give 5 tactics of interest groups

Back 11

1. campaign contributions
2. targeting
3. report cards
4 endorsement of candidates
5. litigation
6. Grass roots mobilization

Front 12

Which interest group tactic would most likely be used by the NAACP? NOW?, AMA? Sierra Club?

Back 12

NAACP - Litigation
NOW - Boycott
AMA - Campaign contributions
Sierra Club - grass roots mobilizations

Front 13

When people join interest groups mainly for material or solidary benefits it is called the ______ problem

Back 13

Free Rider

Front 14

If a person joins an interest group to get life insurance they are joining for _______ benefits

Back 14

Material

Front 15

If a person joins an interest group to work with other people they are joining for _______ benefits

Back 15

solidary

Front 16

Give two advantages an interest group with a lot of members has over one with not so many members.

Back 16

1. can raise more money
2. can deliver more votes to a candidate

Front 17

Give one advantages a small interest group has over a larger interest group.

Back 17

1. more members join for purposive benefits so they are active and committed to the goal of the interest group.

Front 18

When an interest groups is dispersed widely over the U.S. it can have more impact on an issue than a concentrated interest group because of it's _________

Back 18

spread - Cohesiveness

Front 19

Give three characteristics of an interest group that demonstrates strong cohessiveness

Back 19

1. strong leadership
2. a centralized organization
3. lots of money

Front 20

What is the single most important tactic of interest groups used by lobbyists?

Back 20

supplying creditable information.

Front 21

Why are lobbyist often called the 3rd house of Congress?

Back 21

Because they have so much influence over legislation.

Front 22

Give 3 functions of lobbyists.

Back 22

1. help write legislation
2. testify at committee hearings
3. influence the government

Front 23

List 3 provisions of the 1946 Federal Reglation of Lobbying Act

Back 23

1.Define lobbyist as one whose principal purpose is to influence legislation
2. Requires registration of lobbyist
3. Publication in the congressional record

Front 24

List 5 loopholes found in the 1946 Federal Reglation of Lobbying Act

Back 24

1. Principal purpose is ambiguous
2.Disclosure statements filed but not anlayzed
3. No enforcement mechanism
4.Few bother to check congressional record
5. Omits lobbying of Executive branch

Front 25

What did Madison mean when he pointed out that the remedy of curing the evils of faction by eliminating their causes is worse than the disease

Back 25

the potential loss of liberty is worse than the abuses of lobbyist (factions)

Front 26

Interest groups send signals telling legislators what values are at stake in an issue. This is called a

Back 26

political cue

Front 27

an organization of people sharing a common interest or goal that seeks to influence the making of public policy

Back 27

interest groups

Front 28

Backing for a public policy that arises or is created in public opinion

Back 28

grass roots support

Front 29

Groups that attract members by appealing to their political convictions with coherent sets of principles

Back 29

ideological

Front 30

Individuals or groups representing other organizations or businesses

Back 30

institutional

Front 31

public-interest organizations that do research on policy questions and disseminate their findings in books, articles, conferences, opinion editorials essays for newspapers, and maybe even testify before congress. They can be nonpartisan, but most have alignments along the party lines.

Back 31

Think Tanks

Front 32

List two reasons unions membership has decline over the last 50 years

Back 32

1. more service jobs
2. attitudes toward unions have soured

Front 33

rallying the base/ the public against a bill or issue is called

Back 33

grass roots lobbying

Front 34

Madison said that political factions are inevitable but we need to control their effects

Back 34

Federalist 10

Front 35

A group set up by and representing a corporation, labor union, or special interest group that raises and spends campaign contributions

Back 35

PAC

Front 36

These are designed to generate public support or opposition for legislators

Back 36

ratings

Front 37

Give two effects of the campaign finance reform law of 1973 was

Back 37

1. it sharply restricted the amount that any interest group could give to a candidate for federal office
2. it made it legal for corporations and unions to form PACs and political contributions

Front 38

Give 3 arguments in defense of PACs

Back 38

1. Provide a means of participation for the average person
2. Without PACs only the wealthy could run for political office
3.its a 1st amendment right
4.contributions are non partisan
5.No conclusive evidence that PACs change congressional votes
6.provide political education
7.Diversify funding/ many interest are represented.

Front 39

Give 3 arguements showing the dangers of PACs

Back 39

1. does a contribution buy anything
2. PACs have special access that the average person lacks
3. Drives up the cost of campaigns
4. over representation of the wealthy
5.underrepresentation of those whoo lack such representation
6. further incumbency advantage

Front 40

What organization has shown the most PAC growth since the 1970s

Back 40

corporations

Front 41

This increases the clout of PACs by gathering together checks form individual contributors or other PACs and passing them on to candidates

Back 41

bundling