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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is serum cholesterol checked?
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People hypothyroidism and diabetes dont metabolize fat as well which causes heart disease
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What constitutes fasting?
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8-12 hours
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Glucose Challenge
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1) fasting BS
2) give Glucola 3) see type of pancreatic activity patient has |
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A1C test
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checks BS average over last 90 days
-normal is 4-7 -should be around 5 or 6 |
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another time phys may check BS
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2 hours after patient has eaten
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-fasting BS for normal adult
-over 65 adult -after eating |
-126 or below
-140 -under 200 |
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diagnostics
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1) TSH, T3 & T4
2) thyroid titer 3)parathyroid function test 4)tests for adrenal function (24 hr. urine) 5) glucose,insulin, HgbA1C 6) serum cholesterol |
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decreased estrogen production cases...
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loss of bone density, skin loses elasticity and becomes thinner,vaginal changes
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decreased ADH production
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more dilute urine
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What are the 3 most common endocrine glands to show a decreasing function with age?
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1)gonads
2)thyroid 3)endocrine portion of the pancreas |
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Lifespan concerns
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-decrease in pancreatic function results in decreased levels of lipase
-decrease in ability to absorn fat-soluable vitamins and an increase in fat excreted via the GI tract which results in steatorrhea -normal aging will show decrease in function - liver function decreases in regards to the # & size of the hepatic cells --will result in decreased body weight and mass --will also see decreased ability for the liver to detoxify |
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Pineal Gland
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Melatonin- influences and responds to the bodys circadian rythm
--Excess an Deficit->under investigation -there are other areas of the body that also secrete some minor endocrine hormones |
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thymopoietin (Thymus)
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-development of the immune response in the newborn, maintenance of immunologic response in adult
->Excess- no data, under investigation ->Deficit- immunodeficiency disorders |
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Thymus
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Thymopoietin
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Testes-Testosterone
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-development, maturation and function of the repro. system and secondary sex characteristics
-also stimulates growth of skeletal muscles, bones, skin and hair as well as closer to epiphysal plates and puberty ->Excess- testicular atrophy, infertility, precocious sex development and premature closure of epiphysal plates in children. ->Deficit- impotence, infertility, cryptoochidism in kids |
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Ovarie- estrogen and progesterone
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-development, maturation and cycl function of the reproductive system, development of breasts and secondary sex characteristics
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Gonads
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ovaries and testes
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Delta Cells/Somatostatin
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-inhibits diverse endocrine functions and inhibits the release of in, glucagon and somatotropin
->Excess- hyperglycemia -> Deficit- under investigation |
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Alpha cells-Glucagon
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-raises blood glucose levels b promting hepatic glycogenolysis and promotes glycogenesis
->Excess- glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia ->Deficit- under investigation but probably hypoglycemia |
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Beta Cells/ insulin
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-regulates fat, protein and carb metabolism lowers blood glucose levels by promoting glucose trart in to the cells
->Excess- hyperinsulinism and hypogcemia ->Deficit- diabetes mellitus |
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Anterior Pituitary Gland
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1)GH (growth hormone)
2)TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) 3)ACTH (adenocorticotropic hormone) 4) LH (luteinizing hormone) 5) FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) 6) Prolactin 7)MSH (melnocyte stimulating hormone) |
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Growth Hormone
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FUNCTION- stimulates growth of cells, bones, muscles and tissue
-insulin antagonist EXCESS-gigantism in children -acromegaly in adults - enlargement of facial features, hands and feet DEFICIT-dwarfism in children -insulin sensitivity |
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TSH (Thyroid stimulating Hormone)
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FUNCTION- regulates secretory activity of the thyroid gland
EXCESS- secondary hyperthyroidism DEFICIT- secondary hypothyroidism |
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ACTH (Adenocorticotropic Hormone)
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FUNCTION- stimulates secretion of hormones from adrenal cortex
EXCESS-cushings disease, buffalo hump, moon face, abdomen distention, hypertension, weak, excess body hair and striae DEFICIT-adrenal hypoplasia |
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LH (Luteinizing Hormone)
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FUNCTION- induces ovulation, simulates testosterone secretion in men
EXCESS- Hirsutism, altered secondary sex characteristics DEFICIT- delayed sexual development, infertility, amenorrhea and impotence in men |
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FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
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FUNCTION- stimulates follicle growth and estrogen secretion in women, lactation
EXCESS- hirsutism, altered secondary sex characteristics DEFICIT- amenorrhea, infertility and decreased libido with male impotence and infertility |
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Prolactin
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FUNCTION- stimulates mammary gland development and lactation
-suppresses secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormones EXCESS- suppresses gonadal function, decreased libido, infertility, amenorrhea and persistent lactation. impotence in men DEFICIT- failure to lactate postpartum EXCESS- |
