Review For Exam 9/15

Front 1

Areas if critical thinking

Back 1

emotions, habits, listening, writing, speaking, religion, reading, problem-solving, politics, nursing, medicine, well-being, intuition, etc.

Front 2

Second order thinking

Back 2

is first-order thinking raised to the level of conscious realization (analyzed, assessed, and reconstructed)

Front 3

First-Oder thinking

Back 3

is spontaneous and non reflective. It contains insight, prejudice, truth and error, good and bad reasoning, indiscriminately combined.

Front 4

Definition

Back 4

critical thinking is that mode of thinking- about any subject, content, or problem, in which the thinker improves the quality of his or her thinking by skillfully taking charge of the structures inherent in thinking and imposing intellectual standards upon them.

Front 5

A well cultivated critical thinker:

Back 5

•Raises vital questions and problems, formulating them clearly and precisely.
•Gathers and assesses relevant information, and can effectively interpret it.
•Comes to well-reasoned conclusions and solutions, testing them against relevant criteria and standards.

Front 6

Hindrances to critical thinking

Back 6

1.Pressure toward uniformity of belief
2.Punishment for questioning authority
3.Withholding of key information
4.Fear about asking tough questions
5.Manipulation to manage or trick people into believing lies
6.Laziness
7.Egocentrism, sociocentrism
8.Self-serving bias: the tendency to to overrated oneself -- to her overly confident of ones knowledge
9.Wishful thinking: occurs when a person believes that something is true, not because they have good reasons for the belief, but because they wish it were true.