Respiratory Terms

Front 1

adenoid

Back 1

glandlike; paired lymphoid structures in the nasopharynx

Front 2

alveolus

Back 2

small cavity; alveoli of lungs are microscopic saclike dilations of terminal bronchioles

Front 3

aortic body

Back 3

small cluster of chemosensitive cells that respond to carbon dioxide and oxygen levels

Front 4

bronchi

Back 4

the branches of the trachea

Front 5

bronchiole

Back 5

small branch of a bronchus

Front 6

carbaminohemoglobin

Back 6

compound formed by the union of carbon dioxide with hemoglobin

Front 7

carotid body

Back 7

chemoreceptor located int he carotid artery that detects changes in oxygen, carbon dioxide, and blood acid levels

Front 8

conchae

Back 8

shell-shaped structure; for example, bony projections into the nasal cavity

Front 9

epiglottis

Back 9

lidlike cartilage overhanging the entrance tot he larynx

Front 10

expiration

Back 10

moving air out of the lungs

Front 11

external respiration

Back 11

the exchange of gases between air in the lungs and in the blood

Front 12

inspiration

Back 12

moving air into the lungs

Front 13

larynx

Back 13

the voice box located just below the pharynx; the largest piece of cartilage making up the larynx is the thyroid cartilage, commonly known as the Adam's Apple

Front 14

nasal cavity

Back 14

the moist, warm cavities lined by mucosa located just beyond the nostrils; olfactory receptors are located in the mucosa

Front 15

nasal septum

Back 15

a partition that separates the right and left nasal cavities

Front 16

olfaction

Back 16

sense of smell

Front 17

oxyhemoglobin

Back 17

hemoglobin combined with oxygen

Front 18

paranasal sinuses

Back 18

four pairs of sinuses that have openings into the nose

Front 19

pharynx

Back 19

organ of the digestive and respiratory system; throat

Front 20

pleura

Back 20

the serous membrane in the thoracic cavity

Front 21

respiration

Back 21

breathing or pulmonary ventilation

Front 22

respiratory control centers

Back 22

centers located in the medulla and pons that stimulate the muscles or respiration

Front 23

respiratory membrane

Back 23

the single layer of cells that makes up the wall of the alveoli

Front 24

respiratory mucosa

Back 24

mucus-covered membrane that lines the tubes of the respiratory tree

Front 25

spirometer

Back 25

an instrument used to measure the amount of air exchanged in breathing

Front 26

surfactant

Back 26

a substance covering the surface of the respiratory membrane inside the alveolus; it reduces the surface tension and prevents alveoli from collapsing

Front 27

trachea

Back 27

the windpipe; the tube extending from the larynx to the bronchi

Front 28

vocal cords

Back 28

bands of tissue in larynx responsible for production of sound

Front 29

apnea

Back 29

temporary cessation of breathing

Front 30

atelectasis

Back 30

total or partial collapse of the alveoli of the lung

Front 31

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Back 31

general term referring to a group of disorders characterized by progressive, irreversible obstruction of air flow in the lungs: bronchitis, emphysema, asthma

Front 32

dyspnea

Back 32

difficult or labored breathing

Front 33

internal respiration

Back 33

the exchange of gases that occurs between the blood and the cells of the body

Front 34

emphysema

Back 34

abnormal condition characterized by trapping of air in the alveoli of the lung that causes them to rupture and fuse to other alveoli

Front 35

eupnea

Back 35

normal respiration

Front 36

laryngitis

Back 36

inflammation of the mucous tissues of the larynx

Front 37

lobectomy

Back 37

surgical removal of a single love of an organ, as in the removal of one lobe of a lung

Front 38

orthopnea

Back 38

difficulty breathing; that is relieved after moving into an upright position

Front 39

pleurisy

Back 39

inflammation of the pleura

Front 40

pneumonectomy

Back 40

surgical procedure in which an entire lung is removed

Front 41

pneumonia

Back 41

abnormal condition characterized by acute inflammation of the lungs in which alveoli and bronchial passages become plugged with thick fluid (exudate)

Front 42

pneumothorax

Back 42

abnormal condition in which air is present in the pleural space surrounding the lung; possibly causing collapse of the lung

Front 43

primary bronchi

Back 43

first branches of the trachea

Front 44

respiratory arrest

Back 44

cessation of breathing without resumption

Front 45

sinusitis

Back 45

sinus infection

Front 46

sudden infant death syndrome

Back 46

unexpected death of unknown origin in apparently normal infants

Front 47

tonsillectomy

Back 47

surgical procedure used to remove the tonsils

Front 48

tonsillitis

Back 48

inflammation of the tonsils; usually caused by infection

Front 49

tuburculosis

Back 49

chronic bacterial infection of the lungs or other tissues caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms