Respiratory System Study Guide

Front 1

respiratory system

Back 1

The group of organs that work together to take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide

Front 2

nose

Back 2

is the main passageway into the respiratory system.

Front 3

What does the nose do in the respiratory system?

Back 3

filters, warms , moistens and the air we take in.

Front 4

What are tiny hairs in the nose called and what do they do?

Back 4

They are called cilia.Cilia line the inside of the nose to filter dust and particles in the air we breathe.

Front 5

Throat

Back 5

pharynx

Front 6

What are the 2 tubes that the pharynx divides into?

Back 6

esophagus and larynx

Front 7

esophagus

Back 7

where food and drinks go to the stomach

Front 8

larynx

Back 8

where the vocal chords are located

Front 9

What does the epiglottis do in the respiratory system?

Back 9

it covers the entrance to the larynx so food and drinks do not go into the wind pipe.

Front 10

what are vocal cords?

Back 10

they are a pair of elastic bands that stretch across the larynx.

Front 11

muscles connect _______________________________

Back 11

to the larynx and control how much the bands are stretched.

Front 12

Air flows______ the vocal chords and they vibrate, which produces a sound.

Back 12

between

Front 13

what does the pitch of the sound depends on?

Back 13

The pitch of the sound depends on how stretched the bands are.

Front 14

what does the larynx guard?

Back 14

The larynx guards the entrance to the trachea, or the wind pipe.

Front 15

The trachea splits into two branches called_____

Back 15

bronchi (bronchus is singular).

Front 16

One bronchus connects to each ________

Back 16

lung.

Front 17

Each bronchus splits into branches called _______

Back 17

bronchioles.

Front 18

Bronchioles split to form small air pouches called

__________

Back 18

alveoli.

Front 19

capillaries

Back 19

small blood vessels that surrounds alveoli,

where blood picks up oxygen and drops off carbon dioxide.

Front 20

Alveoli are surrounded by small blood vessels, called __________, where blood picks up oxygen and drops off carbon dioxide.

Back 20

capillaries

Front 21

What is breathing ?

Back 21

inhaling and exhaling- taking in air and letting air out.

Front 22

respiration

Back 22

*)Your body getting and using oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide and water

Front 23

What are two parts of respiration?

Back 23

*breathing

*cellular respiration

Front 24

breathing

Back 24

*)taking air in and letting it out

Front 25

cellular respiration

Back 25

using oxygen to release energy from food.

Front 26

Air is forced into and out of the lungs, but your lungs do not have _________ of their own

Back 26

muscles

Front 27

what is the diaphragm?

Back 27

is a dome-shaped muscle below the lungs that allows breathing.

Front 28

What happens when the diaphragm contracts?

Back 28

it moves down. This lowers the pressure in the lungs and air is forced into the lungs- you inhale.

Front 29

Exhaling

Back 29

it is the opposite of what happens when the diaphragm contracts. Diaphragm relaxes and moves up, so the pressure in the lungs increases and air is forced out.

Front 30

Intercostal muscles

Back 30

muscles are rib muscles.

Front 31

what do intercostal muscles help you with?

Back 31

help with breathing by contracting and moving the ribs upward and outward to increase the size of the chest cavity, which lowers the pressure, forcing air into the lungs (inhaling)

Front 32

What happens when intercostal muscles relax?

Back 32

the ribs move back down and in, decreases the size of the chest cavity, which decreases the pressure in the lungs, and air is forced out (exhaling).

Front 33

Oxygen is taken in to the lungs and reaches the body cells through the ________.

Back 33

blood

Front 34

What does oxygen react with to produce ATP (ENERGY) in the mitochondria of our cells?

Back 34

glucose

Front 35

During this process, ________ and _________ are produced. The carbon dioxide travels back to the lungs to be released.

Back 35

carbon dioxide

water

Front 36

What happens when you have asthma ?

What causes it?

Back 36

a. bronchioles narrow making it hard to breathe

b. caused by irritation (dust, pollen, etc)

Front 37

What happens when you have emphysema?

what causes it?

Back 37

a. alveoli are damaged

b. decreased lung capacity

c. caused by smoking

Front 38

epiglottis

Back 38

*)a flap that covers the larynx when we swallow food and drinks to prevent choking

Front 39

How do the vocal chords work?

Back 39

* Air flows between them making them vibrate.
* They stretch to change the pitch of the sound.
* They are controlled by muscles attached to the larynx.

Front 40

label 1,2,3,4,5,6,7

Back 40

1. nose

2. pharynx

3. larynx

4. trachea

5. bronchus

6. lung

7. diaphragm

Front 41

label 1,2,3,4,5

Back 41

1. bronchus

2. trachea

3. bronchiole

4. alveoli

5. capillary

Front 42

alveoli

Back 42

*)small air pouches in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.

Front 43

List what happens in the respiratory system

Back 43

Blood picks up oxygen at the alveoli and takes it to the cells. Blood also picks up glucose at the villi of the small intestine and takes it to the body cells. In the mitochondria of the body cells, the oxygen and glucose combine to make ATP, carbon dioxide, and water. The ATP is used as energy for the cells to be able to function. The carbon dioxide is carried back to the lungs by the blood.