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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
The _____ are openings in the facial bones that lighten the skull, assist in speech and produce mucus which helps trap debris.
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sinuses
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The passageway for both air and food
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pharynx (throat)
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The cough reflex does not work if the person is _______.
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unconscious
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Breathing is controled by the respiratory centers located __________
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in the brain
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_____ reduces surface tension, prevents the alveoli from collapsing between breaths and reduces the work of breathing.
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surfactant
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Using the diaphragm of the stethoscope, auscultate the ___________ for breath sounds.
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anterior & posterior thorax
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The nurse is often responsible for applying pressure to the site for a period of _______ following arterial puncture.
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2-5 minutes
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think ABG blood draw
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What lab test could be influenced by cellulitis of lower extremity?
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serum alpha1-antitrypsin
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When a client with elevated serum cholesteral and triglyceride levels asks what is involved with getting a specimen for a serum alpha1-antitrypsin what does the nurse tell him?
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A fasting specimen is colled
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During what kind of test is the client instructed to breathe in a specific manner while the lung volume are measured and recorded?
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pulmonary function test
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Increase the humidity of inspired air with a bedside humidifier helps to do what?
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loosen secretions and soothe mucous membranes
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The nurse should should stress the importance of _____ influenza vaccination for clients in high-risk groups and their families.
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YEARLY
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Paralyzed cilia impairs respiratory clearance, increasing the risk for _________.
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pneumonia
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What is the drug of choice for pertussis? Are there any special instructions for administration?
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erythromycin (Bactrim, Septra); they are harsh on GI so take with food or milk
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What is the TX for epistaxis? how long does this tx continue normally? What should you NEVER do with this situation?
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pinching the nose toward the septum for 5 to 10 minutes; lean head back
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How long is anterior packing left in the nose? posterior?
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anterior = 24 to 72 hours
posterior = up to 5 days |
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What is the most common broken bone of the face?
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the nose
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What is the most common broken bone of the face?
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the nose
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In a septoplasty or submucous resecton (SMR) the packing is normally left in __________.
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12 - 24 hours
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Continuoous positive pressure (CPAP) therapy is often perscribed for _______.
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sleep apnea
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The two major modifiabe risk factor for laryngeal cancer are _______ & __________.
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prolonged use of tobacco & alcohol
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_______ are small hairs that line the airways na dthe cough reflex then push the mucous-trapped organism out.
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Cilia
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______ have a higher risk than others of lower respiratory infections.
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Older adults
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Changes associated with aging & disease affect respiratory function and airway clearance, increasing __________. The elderly are especially at risk for _______ _________.
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the risk of infection.
bacterial pneumonia |
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_________ is patchy consolidations involving several lobules.
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Bronchopneumonia
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The onset of bacterial pneumonia typically is acute with productive of ________ or __________ sputum
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rust-colored or purulent
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The majority of people with AIDS develop pheumonia caused by ____________, a common parasite.
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pneumocystis carinii
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_________ pneumonia often affects older adults and people with chronic diseases.
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viral
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_________ pneumonia is also called "walking pneumonia".
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atypical
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This type of pneumonia is found in standing water like air conditioners.
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Legionnaires' Disease
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Aspiration pneumonia is apsiration of _______ __________ into the lungs causing a chemical and bacterial pneumonia.
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gastric contents
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Oxygen therapy should be set at a flow rate of ___________.
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2 to 6 L/min
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The biggest concentratoin without mechanical ventillation is delivered thru ___________.
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nonrebreather mask
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When the amount of oxygen must be careful regulated a _____________ is used.
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Venturi mask
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A venturi mask can be precisely regulated from _____ to _____.
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20 - 30 %
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The most common NSG DX is _________ _____________
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ineffective airway clearance
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______ is the key!!!!
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prevention
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If client has active TB what kind of room are they housed in?
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negative pressure room
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Tuberculosis meningitis results when tuberculosis spreads to the ___________.
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subarachnoid space.
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The mantoux test is commonly read within ______________.
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48 to 72 hours
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The area of induraton is used to derermine. A positive response indicates that the client has _______________.
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infection; developed an immune response to bacillius it does not mean that the client has active TB or is currently infectious.
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DX test include a series of __________ early morning sputum specimens are sent for acid-fast bacilli smear and culture
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3 consecutive
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Continued thergy is daily isoniazid (INH) for __________ is commonly used to prevent active TB.
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6 to 12 months
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Most antitubercular medications are ___________.
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toxic to the liver
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Fortunately, the antibiotic _________ is effective for both prevention and treatment of inhalation anthrax.
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Cipro
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_____ is the number 1 reason in this area for kids to miss school.
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Asthma
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Which of the following is NOT a pathophysiology of asthma:
1. leads to brochoconstricton 2. causes edema 3. increase mucous production 4. collapse of alveoli |
4 collapse of alveoli - is NOT true
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MATCHING
A. Anticholinergics B. Beta-Adrenergic Agonists C. Corticosteroids D. Mast Cell Stabilizers E. Methylxanthines 1. Atropine 2. Epinephrine 3. Decadron 4. NasalCrom 5. Theophylline |
A1. Atropine - Anticholinergics
B2. Epinephrine = Beta-Adrenergic Agonists C3. Corticosteroids = Decadron D4. NasalCrom = Mast Cell Stabilizers E5. Theophylline = Methylxanthines |
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With Atropine remember that it is for the _________ not the heart.
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lungs
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________ is the #1 cause of COPD
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smoking
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Chronic Bronchitis is a chronic inflammaroty airawy disorder that causes ____________ and productive cough lasting 3 or more months.
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excessive secretion of thick, tenacious mucus
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With emphysema you will normally see dyspnea on _________.
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exersion
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ABGs are drawn to evaluate the effect of COPD on gas exchange. During an acute episode the nurse will notices 3 things what are they?
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hypoxemia, hypercapnia & respiratory acidosis
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Clients with COPD may have chronic ___________ causing them to develop sleep apnea and respiratory arrest when given oxygen because their drive to breathe is __________-.
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hypercapnia; suppressed
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Clients with COPD should avoid what 2 meds?
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cough suppressents and sedatives
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Assess the client with COPD for use of __________ upon breathing.
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Assessory muscles
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MATCHING
Abdo breathing Controlled Cough Teachnique Huff Cough Technique Pursed-Lip breathing . After using brochodilator . Exhale sharply . Inhale through nose with mouth covered . Place one hand on abdomen, the other on the chest |
A4. Abdo breathing = Place one hand on abdomen, the other on the chest
B1. Controlled Cough Teachnique = After using brochodilator C2. Huff Cough Technique = Exhale sharply D3. Pursed-Lip breathing = Inhale through nose with mouth covered |
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The genetic defect of Cystic Fibrosis causes excess mucous production in the lungs which can lead to __________.
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bronchiectasis
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________, an enzyme that helps liquefy mucus in CF that is given to improve airway clearance.
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Dornase alfa
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DEFINE: partial or total lung collapsee and airlessness; may be acute or chronic
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Atelectasis
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___________ is the primary TX for atlectasis.
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prevention
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_________ is a permanent dilation and destruction of large airways.
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Bronchiectasis
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_________ cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States
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Lung cancer
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A percutaneous needle biopsy or aspiration of pleural fluid by thoracentsis may be done if the turmor is in the ___________ of the lung
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periphery
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DEFINE: removal of an entire lung
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pneumonectomy
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_________ are orded to prevent further clotting and embolization.
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Anticoagulants
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What lad do you use to check Heparin therapy?
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PTT
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Heparin is continued until oral anticoagulant (warfarin) therapy is fully effective, _________ after its initiation.
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5 - 7 days
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An umbrella-like filter may be inserted into the _______ of clients who have recurrent pulmonary emboli.
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infrerior vena cava
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Long-standing pulmonary hypertension can lead to _________ with right ventricular hypertrophy and failure.
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cor pulmonale
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With pleuritis a __________ or harsh sound may be heard over the affected area.
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pleural fricton rub
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A _________ may be done to remove fluid from pleural space by inserting a large needle into the pleural space to remove the excess fluid .
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thoracentesis
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When performing a thoracentesis position the client _____________.
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sitting on side of bed, leaning forward with arms and head supported on an anchored over-bed table.
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A ________ pneumothorax manifests with the trachea deviated toward unaffected side
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tension
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A thoracentesis may be done by inserting a needle into the plueral space to withdraw ____ (not fluid)
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air
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Nursing intervention for a client safety/well being tape all connectoins between the _______ and the __________.
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chest tube and drainage system
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If the chest tube in inadvertently removed, promptly seal the wound with a sterile occlusive dressing. If a sterile dressing is not available, use other occlusive material such as ________. Be sure to tape the dressing on ____ sides.
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foil or plastic wrap; 3 sides only!
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The flail segment moves inward during ______ and outward during ________.
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inward = inspiration
outwatd = expiration |
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When suctioning with an NG tube be sure to apply suction _________ while removing.
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no more than 10-15 seconds
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When assisting with a thoracentesis, the nurse knows that the physician will insert the needle into the _______.
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plueral space
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