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80 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
  • 3rd side (hint)
The _____ are openings in the facial bones that lighten the skull, assist in speech and produce mucus which helps trap debris.
sinuses
The passageway for both air and food
pharynx (throat)
The cough reflex does not work if the person is _______.
unconscious
Breathing is controled by the respiratory centers located __________
in the brain
_____ reduces surface tension, prevents the alveoli from collapsing between breaths and reduces the work of breathing.
surfactant
Using the diaphragm of the stethoscope, auscultate the ___________ for breath sounds.
anterior & posterior thorax
The nurse is often responsible for applying pressure to the site for a period of _______ following arterial puncture.
2-5 minutes
think ABG blood draw
What lab test could be influenced by cellulitis of lower extremity?
serum alpha1-antitrypsin
When a client with elevated serum cholesteral and triglyceride levels asks what is involved with getting a specimen for a serum alpha1-antitrypsin what does the nurse tell him?
A fasting specimen is colled
During what kind of test is the client instructed to breathe in a specific manner while the lung volume are measured and recorded?
pulmonary function test
Increase the humidity of inspired air with a bedside humidifier helps to do what?
loosen secretions and soothe mucous membranes
The nurse should should stress the importance of _____ influenza vaccination for clients in high-risk groups and their families.
YEARLY
Paralyzed cilia impairs respiratory clearance, increasing the risk for _________.
pneumonia
What is the drug of choice for pertussis? Are there any special instructions for administration?
erythromycin (Bactrim, Septra); they are harsh on GI so take with food or milk
What is the TX for epistaxis? how long does this tx continue normally? What should you NEVER do with this situation?
pinching the nose toward the septum for 5 to 10 minutes; lean head back
How long is anterior packing left in the nose? posterior?
anterior = 24 to 72 hours
posterior = up to 5 days
What is the most common broken bone of the face?
the nose
What is the most common broken bone of the face?
the nose
In a septoplasty or submucous resecton (SMR) the packing is normally left in __________.
12 - 24 hours
Continuoous positive pressure (CPAP) therapy is often perscribed for _______.
sleep apnea
The two major modifiabe risk factor for laryngeal cancer are _______ & __________.
prolonged use of tobacco & alcohol
_______ are small hairs that line the airways na dthe cough reflex then push the mucous-trapped organism out.
Cilia
______ have a higher risk than others of lower respiratory infections.
Older adults
Changes associated with aging & disease affect respiratory function and airway clearance, increasing __________. The elderly are especially at risk for _______ _________.
the risk of infection.
bacterial pneumonia
_________ is patchy consolidations involving several lobules.
Bronchopneumonia
The onset of bacterial pneumonia typically is acute with productive of ________ or __________ sputum
rust-colored or purulent
The majority of people with AIDS develop pheumonia caused by ____________, a common parasite.
pneumocystis carinii
_________ pneumonia often affects older adults and people with chronic diseases.
viral
_________ pneumonia is also called "walking pneumonia".
atypical
This type of pneumonia is found in standing water like air conditioners.
Legionnaires' Disease
Aspiration pneumonia is apsiration of _______ __________ into the lungs causing a chemical and bacterial pneumonia.
gastric contents
Oxygen therapy should be set at a flow rate of ___________.
2 to 6 L/min
The biggest concentratoin without mechanical ventillation is delivered thru ___________.
nonrebreather mask
When the amount of oxygen must be careful regulated a _____________ is used.
Venturi mask
A venturi mask can be precisely regulated from _____ to _____.
20 - 30 %
The most common NSG DX is _________ _____________
ineffective airway clearance
______ is the key!!!!
prevention
If client has active TB what kind of room are they housed in?
negative pressure room
Tuberculosis meningitis results when tuberculosis spreads to the ___________.
subarachnoid space.
The mantoux test is commonly read within ______________.
48 to 72 hours
The area of induraton is used to derermine. A positive response indicates that the client has _______________.
infection; developed an immune response to bacillius it does not mean that the client has active TB or is currently infectious.
DX test include a series of __________ early morning sputum specimens are sent for acid-fast bacilli smear and culture
3 consecutive
Continued thergy is daily isoniazid (INH) for __________ is commonly used to prevent active TB.
6 to 12 months
Most antitubercular medications are ___________.
toxic to the liver
Fortunately, the antibiotic _________ is effective for both prevention and treatment of inhalation anthrax.
Cipro
_____ is the number 1 reason in this area for kids to miss school.
Asthma
Which of the following is NOT a pathophysiology of asthma:

1. leads to brochoconstricton
2. causes edema
3. increase mucous production
4. collapse of alveoli
4 collapse of alveoli - is NOT true
MATCHING
A. Anticholinergics
B. Beta-Adrenergic Agonists
C. Corticosteroids
D. Mast Cell Stabilizers
E. Methylxanthines

1. Atropine
2. Epinephrine
3. Decadron
4. NasalCrom
5. Theophylline
A1. Atropine - Anticholinergics
B2. Epinephrine = Beta-Adrenergic Agonists
C3. Corticosteroids = Decadron
D4. NasalCrom = Mast Cell Stabilizers
E5. Theophylline = Methylxanthines
With Atropine remember that it is for the _________ not the heart.
lungs
________ is the #1 cause of COPD
smoking
Chronic Bronchitis is a chronic inflammaroty airawy disorder that causes ____________ and productive cough lasting 3 or more months.
excessive secretion of thick, tenacious mucus
With emphysema you will normally see dyspnea on _________.
exersion
ABGs are drawn to evaluate the effect of COPD on gas exchange. During an acute episode the nurse will notices 3 things what are they?
hypoxemia, hypercapnia & respiratory acidosis
Clients with COPD may have chronic ___________ causing them to develop sleep apnea and respiratory arrest when given oxygen because their drive to breathe is __________-.
hypercapnia; suppressed
Clients with COPD should avoid what 2 meds?
cough suppressents and sedatives
Assess the client with COPD for use of __________ upon breathing.
Assessory muscles
MATCHING
Abdo breathing
Controlled Cough Teachnique
Huff Cough Technique
Pursed-Lip breathing

. After using brochodilator
. Exhale sharply
. Inhale through nose with mouth covered
. Place one hand on abdomen, the other on the chest
A4. Abdo breathing = Place one hand on abdomen, the other on the chest
B1. Controlled Cough Teachnique = After using brochodilator
C2. Huff Cough Technique = Exhale sharply
D3. Pursed-Lip breathing = Inhale through nose with mouth covered
The genetic defect of Cystic Fibrosis causes excess mucous production in the lungs which can lead to __________.
bronchiectasis
________, an enzyme that helps liquefy mucus in CF that is given to improve airway clearance.
Dornase alfa
DEFINE: partial or total lung collapsee and airlessness; may be acute or chronic
Atelectasis
___________ is the primary TX for atlectasis.
prevention
_________ is a permanent dilation and destruction of large airways.
Bronchiectasis
_________ cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States
Lung cancer
A percutaneous needle biopsy or aspiration of pleural fluid by thoracentsis may be done if the turmor is in the ___________ of the lung
periphery
DEFINE: removal of an entire lung
pneumonectomy
_________ are orded to prevent further clotting and embolization.
Anticoagulants
What lad do you use to check Heparin therapy?
PTT
Heparin is continued until oral anticoagulant (warfarin) therapy is fully effective, _________ after its initiation.
5 - 7 days
An umbrella-like filter may be inserted into the _______ of clients who have recurrent pulmonary emboli.
infrerior vena cava
Long-standing pulmonary hypertension can lead to _________ with right ventricular hypertrophy and failure.
cor pulmonale
With pleuritis a __________ or harsh sound may be heard over the affected area.
pleural fricton rub
A _________ may be done to remove fluid from pleural space by inserting a large needle into the pleural space to remove the excess fluid .
thoracentesis
When performing a thoracentesis position the client _____________.
sitting on side of bed, leaning forward with arms and head supported on an anchored over-bed table.
A ________ pneumothorax manifests with the trachea deviated toward unaffected side
tension
A thoracentesis may be done by inserting a needle into the plueral space to withdraw ____ (not fluid)
air
Nursing intervention for a client safety/well being tape all connectoins between the _______ and the __________.
chest tube and drainage system
If the chest tube in inadvertently removed, promptly seal the wound with a sterile occlusive dressing. If a sterile dressing is not available, use other occlusive material such as ________. Be sure to tape the dressing on ____ sides.
foil or plastic wrap; 3 sides only!
The flail segment moves inward during ______ and outward during ________.
inward = inspiration
outwatd = expiration
When suctioning with an NG tube be sure to apply suction _________ while removing.
no more than 10-15 seconds
When assisting with a thoracentesis, the nurse knows that the physician will insert the needle into the _______.
plueral space