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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the function of the respiratory system?
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-Respiration. To extract oxygen while disposing of excess carbon dioxide.
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What structures make up the upper respiratory tract?
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-Oral cavity
-Nasal cavity -Pharynx -Larynx |
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What is the pharynx?
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-Passage for food and air (or throat), conducts food to esophagus (or gullet) and air to trachea (or wind pipe).
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What is the larynx?
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-Voice box, covered by epiglottis.
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What are the structures of the lower respiratory tract?
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-Trachea (windpipe)
-Right and left primary bronchi -Lungs |
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How many lobes does the right lung have?
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-3
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How many lobes does the left lung have?
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-2
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What 2 structures protect the lungs?
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-Ribs
-Thin membrane called the parietal and visceral pleura. |
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What is the pleural cavity?
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-Space between the two pleura
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What is the function of the pleural cavity?
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-Contains thin film of lubricating fluid that reduces friction between the 2 pleura during breathing.
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What does the parietal pleura line?
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-Thorax
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What does the visceral pleura line?
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-Lungs
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What is the process of pulmonary ventilation (breathing)?
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1. Rib cage pulled outwards and upwards
2. Diaphragm contracts downwards |
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What is pneumonia?
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-Infection of alveoli and small airways in lungs.
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What is the primary cause of pneumonia?
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-Bacteria
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Who is most affected by pneumonia?
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-Babies
-Old people -Those with weak immune systems -Smokers -Heavy drinkers |
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What are some complications associated with pneumonia?
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-Abscess
-Blood poisoning -Respiratory failure |
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What is the most common treatment for pneumonia?
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-Antibiotics
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What is tuberculosis?
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-A lung infection caused by bacteria.
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What bacteria causes tuberculosis?
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-Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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What are symptoms of TB?
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-Cough with blood
-Night fever -Weight loss -Sweating |
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What is the most common treatment for TB?
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-Antibiotics.
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What is COPD?
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-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
-Characterized by chronically poor airflow that is progressive and not reversible. |
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What is the most common cause for COPD?
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-Smoking
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What are the symptoms of COPD?
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-Shortness of breath
-Chest infections -Productive cough |
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What is the treatment for COPD?
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-No cure, but medicines can slow the disease.
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How many deaths per year due to COPD in the UK?
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-25,000
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What is asthma?
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-Chronic inflammatory disorder of the lungs.
-Bronchi and bronchioles become inflamed and constricted. |
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Who is most affected by asthma?
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-Young people
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What are the symptoms of asthma?
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-Shortness of breath
-Wheezing -Coughing -Chest infections |
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How is asthma treated?
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-No cure, but medicines like steroids can prevent attacks.
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What are the symptoms of lung cancer?
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-Coughing with blood
-Fatigue -Weight loss -Recurring chest infections |
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Who is primarily affected by lung cancer?
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-Smokers
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What are the most common treatments for lung cancer?
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-Surgery
-Chemotherapy |
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What are 5 maladies caused by smoking?
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1. Cancers
2. Lung disease 3. Heart disease 4. Stroke 5. Peptic Ulcers |
