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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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air
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about 79% nitrogen, 20% oxygen, and 1% other gases
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air quality index
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-is an index used to report daily air quality for five major air pollutants: ground level ozone, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide
-ranges from 0-500 -the higher the AQI the more polluted the air -#s above 100 are considered to be unhealthy |
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alveoli (air sacs)
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-lungs made up of millions
-located at the end of the bronchioles -lots of capillaries where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place |
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bronchi
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-the bottom of the trachea splits into to branches called bronchi
-each bronchi goes to a lung and delivers air to it |
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bronchitis
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-when a microorganism such as a virus causes an infection off the trachea
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bronchiole
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-each bronchus branches into several smaller tubes that are connected to the alveoli
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cellular respiration
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- in a cell, when sugar and oxygen combine to produce energy, carbon dioxide is also produced
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carbon monoxide
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-poisonous gas in cigarette smoke
-attaches to the hemoglobin and the oxygen cannot be carried by red blood cells -chemical symbol is CO |
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chemical reaction
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sugar + oxygen --> energy + carbon dioxide+ water is the CHEMICAL REACTION for cellular respiration
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trachea
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- starts at the top of your throat and is in front of the esophagus
-connects with the lungs with your pharynx and allows air to enter your lungs |
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cilia
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-line the trachea and bronchi
-very fine hair like structures -wave back and forth moving mucus, along with dust and other particles up and out of the respiratory system |
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diaphragm
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-a sheet of muscle located under the lungs
-contracts to let air in lungs and relaxes to let air out |
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emphysema
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-can occur when the alveoli are damaged by smoke
-breathing becomes difficult |
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larynx
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-the firm structure at the top of the trachea
-called voice box or adams apple -contains vocal cords -when air passes through vocal cords, they vibrate, producing sound |
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ribs
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-muscles that are located in between them contract and relax to help move air in and out of the lungs
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tars
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-sticky brown substances found in cigarettes
-they collect in smokers lungs, irritate cells, and prevent oxygen and carbon dioxide from being exchanged |
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nicotine
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-the addictive chemical found in tobacco
-affects the nervous system and smokers crave the feeling they get when they smoke |
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sulfur dioxide
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-a gas found in polluted air
-irritates eyes and nose -damages lungs -chemical symbol is SO2 |
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nitrogen dioxide
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-a gas found in polluted air
-irritates eyes and nose -can cause bronchitis and pneumonia |
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pollution
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-air that is dirty enough to cause health issues
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respiratory system
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-major parts are the nose, mouth, trachea, and lungs
-help deliver oxygen and other gasses to the blood and remove CO2 and other waste from the blood |
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respiratory system
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-major parts are the nose, mouth, trachea, and lungs
-help deliver oxygen and other gasses to the blood and remove CO |
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mucous membrane
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-nose is lined with it
-moistens the air to prevent lung tissue from dying out |
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pneumonia
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-an infection in the lungs
-can be caused by microbes like bacteria and viruses, or by irritation from particles or gasses -symptoms may be a painful cough and fever -primary result is a buildup of fluids in one or both lungs |
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pharynx
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where your nasal cavity and mouth join
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ozone
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-is formed when nitrogen oxide is exposed to sun
-chemical symbol is o3 -levels are highest at daytime and cause lung and eye irritation -damages plants and manufactured materials such as rubber |
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solid suspendid particles
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-the dust, smoke, soot, ash and pollen in the air
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