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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is gas exchange?
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exchanging oxygen and CO2 with the blood
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moving air in and out of the lungs
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ventilation
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What else does the respiratory system do besides gas exchange and ventilation?
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regulating pH of the body
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What is the conduction zone?
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parts of the lung designed for ventilation only and not gas exchange
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List the parts of the conduction zone
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pharynx (throat), larynx(voicebox), trachea (windpipe),right and left primary bronchi, bronchioles (branched from the bronchi)
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What do mucus and cilia do?
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mucus traps dust and dirt and cilia sweeps the mucus out of the lungs
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where does gas exchange take place?
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in the alveoli (at the end of the bronchioles)
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Why is gas exchage possible at the alveoli and how does it happen?
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there are many capillaries surrounding the alveoli which has thin walls. Gas exchange happen by passive diffusion because gases are hydrophobic. Oxygen concentration is greater in the alveoli than in the blood so it moves from the alveoli into the blood. CO2 moves in the opposite direction.
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What is exhaled by the lungs?
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CO2 and water
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Where does the CO2 and water come from?
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cellular respiration. CO2 is a waste product of the Krebs Cycle and water is formed when oxygen (as the final electron acceptor) accepts elections in the ETC
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gas exchange takes place at the _________zone
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respiratory
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Which 2 systems regulate pH in the body? which is faster?
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respiratory and kidney (renal), respiratory
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blood pH level
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7.4 slightly alkaline
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CO2 is hydrophobic and does not dissolve well in blood plasma so_________
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it is converted into carbonic acid and then to bicarbonate ion, they are both found in plasma
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CO2 is acidic or alkaline?
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acidic
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Why do we breathe faster?
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to get rid of excess CO2 and to raise pH level (too acidic)
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How is respiratory rate adjusted?
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your medulla oblongata moniters pH and adjusts breathing rate for you
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How is respiratory rate adjusted?
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your medulla oblongata moniters pH and adjusts breathing rate for you
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What is inspiration?
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diaphragm contracts, chest cavity increases in size, air rushes into fill extra space
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The diaphragm returns to its carved state, size of chest cavity is reduced and air is forced out.
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expiration
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If your blood is too acidic, you breathe___________
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faster
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