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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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gas exchange
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occurs by diffusion across the respiratory membrane
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partial pressure
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driving force for diffusion of gases and diffuse down a partial pressure gradient
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Dalton's Law
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total pressure = sum of partial pressures of gases in a mixture (for ex. P total = P N + P O2 + P CO2 + P H20)
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formula of partial pressure =
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total pressure x fractional concentration of gas (for ex. P total x (% O2/100) = 760 x 0.21 = 160 mm Hg)
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high diffusion efficiency is due to __
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1. high surface area of alveoli
2. thin respiratory membrane |
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P O2, P CO2, and O2 saturation of pulmonary veins and systemic arteries
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P O2 = 100
P CO2 = 40 O2 saturation = 98% |
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P O2, P CO2, and O2 saturation of vena cava and pulmonary arteries
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P O2 = 40
P CO2 = 46 O2 saturation = 75% |
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central pattern generator that generates breathing rhythm
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medulla oblongata
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dorsal respiratory group
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mostly I neurons
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ventral respiratory group
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E and I neurons
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where is the central chemoreceptor located?
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medulla oblongata
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where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located?
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carotid bodies
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peripheral chemoreceptors
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-sensitive to low P O2, also P CO2 and pH of arterial blood
-stimulate ventilation directly at very low P O2 -increase sensitivity of central response to CO2 -contribute to increase in ventilation during exercise |
