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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the components of the system that controls respiratory rhythm?
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1) brain stem centers in medulla and pons
2) lung stretch receptors 3) central chemoreceptors 4)peripheral chemoreceptors 5)other receptors |
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What is the general schema of how respiratory rhythm is controlled?
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1)central chemoreceptors in CSF act directly on the dorsal respiratory center
2) peripheral chemoreceptors and lung stretch receptors act on the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves |
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What are the names of the brain stem centers in the medulla and pons?
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1) Ventral respiratory center - ventral medulla
2) Dorsal respiratory center - dorsal medulla 3) pneumotaxic center in upper pons 4) apneustic center in lower pons |
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What does the dorsal respiratory center control?
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inspiration by sending out A/P to phrenic nerve
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What activates the dorsal respiratory center?
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activated by: 1) peripheral chemoreceptors detecting a decrease in O2 below 60 mmHg
2) increase in arterial PCO2 3) decreases in arterial pH 4) central chemoreceptors sense a decrease in pH 5) mechanoreceptor, irritant receptor, J receptors for heart failure 6)apneustic center |
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What inhibits the dorsal respiratory center?
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1) lung stretch receptors
2) pneumotaxic center |
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What is the purpose of the pneumotaxic center?
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turn of inspiration by inhibiting dorsal respiratory group
-determines tidal volume |
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What determines tidal volume?
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pneumotaxic center
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What is the purpose of the apneustic center?
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prolongs action potentials to give apneusis
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What is apneusis?
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prolonged inspiratory gasps
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What is the function of the ventral respiratory center?
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forced expiration by contracting intercostals and abdominal muscles during excercise
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What receptor is most sensitive to changes in arterial PCO2?
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central chemoreceptor
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How does the central cehmoreceptor work?
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1) CO2 crosses blood brain barrier
2) CO2 enters CSF and is turned into H2CO3 by CA 3) CA dissociates into H+ and bicarb 4) H+ decreases pH 5) central chemoreceptors sense decreased pH and activate dorsal respiratory center |
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Where are the central chemoreceptors located?
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ventral medulla
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