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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In what part of the brain is ventilation controlled?
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In the medulla and pons of the brainstem.
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Were are the inspiratory and expiratory centers of respiration located?
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At the medulla.
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Where is the INSPIRATORY center of respiration located?
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In the DORSAL respiratory group (DRG) of the MEDULLA OBLONGATA.
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What is the function of the Dorsal Respiratory Group(DRG)?
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It functins as the pacemaker. It has rhythmic activity and persists even when all nerves are blocked or sectioned->ataxic and gasping ventilation (apneustic breathing).
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Where is the expiratory coordinating center located?
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In the VENTRAL RESPIRATORY GROUP (VRG) in the MEDULLA OBLONGATA.
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What is the function of the Ventral REspiratory Group (VRG)?
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It functions as an inhibitor, preventing further use of the inspiratory and expiratory muscles, and allows passive expiration to finish the respiratory cycle.
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Why do the inspiratory and espiratory neurons not antagonize each other?
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They function by negative feedback.
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Where is the apneustic center located?
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In the middle/lower pons.
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What is the function of the apneustic center?
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It processes information in the medulla. With activation, itsstimulation of the DRG results in sustained inspiration.
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Where is the pneumotaxic center located?
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In the rostral pons.
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What is the function of the PNEUMOTAXIC CENTER?
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Limit the depth ofd inspirtation.
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Does the PNEUMOTAXIC CEANTTER have intrinsic rhythmic activity?
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No, but when maximally activated it will increase respiratory frequency secondarily.
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What effect does injury to the pneumotaxic center have on ventilatory rate and tidal volume?
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A decrease in rtate and an increase in tidal volume.
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What are the two types of chemoreceptors responsible for changes in ventilation?
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Central and peripheral chemoreceptors.
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To what do cntral chemorecepetors primarily respond?
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Changes in CO2 pressure, pH and acidbase disturbances.
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What time frame is required for a change in ventilation in response to an increase in PaCO2?
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Within 1-2 minutes tidal volume and resp rate will increase.
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To what do peripheral chemoreceptors primarily respond?
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Hypoxia.
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What 2 bodies make up the peripheral chemorecptors?
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Carotid and aortic bodies (at the aortic arch and its branches).
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Stimulation of aortic and carotid bodies have what effect on ventilatory rate and tidal volume?
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Increases in each.
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MATCH:
1.aortic bodies ventilatory effects 2.carotid bodies A.ventilatory effects B.circulatory effects |
1=B
2=A |
