Respiratory Physiology

Front 1

Surfactant

Back 1

Helps reduce surface tension of the alveoli; lip-protein

Front 2

Compliance

Back 2

Ease of lung inflation

Front 3

Expiration pressure of the alveoli

Back 3

762mmHg

Front 4

Inspiration pressure of the alveoli

Back 4

758mmHg

Front 5

Boyle's Law

Back 5

Inverse relationship between volume and pressure of a gas

Front 6

Intrapleural pressure

Back 6

756mmHg

Front 7

Atelectasis

Back 7

Collapsed lung

Front 8

Tidal Volume

Back 8

Regular Breathing

Front 9

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

Back 9

Intense inhale - Forcing as much air inward as possible following a TV breath

Front 10

Expiratory Reserve Volume

Back 10

Intense exhale - Forcing as much air outward as possible following a TV breath

Front 11

Residual Volume

Back 11

Air that cannot ever leave the lungs - volume of air left in lungs after a ERV breath

Front 12

Vital Capacity

Back 12

Total amount of air you can move by inhaling and exhaling

Front 13

Total Lung Capacity

Back 13

Max amount of air you can move, plus your RV

Front 14

Anatomic Dead Space Amount

Back 14

150ml

Front 15

Anatomic Dead Space

Back 15

The air that fails to reach the alveoli

Front 16

Alveolar Dead Space

Back 16

Abnormal - air that reaches the alveoli but is not used

Front 17

Alveolar Dead Space Amount

Back 17

0ml

Front 18

Physiologic Dead Space Amount

Back 18

150ml

Front 19

Physiologic Dead Space

Back 19

Anatomic Dead Space, plus Alveolar Dead Space

Front 20

Alveolar Ventilation

Back 20

(TV - PDS) x RR; amount of new air that reaches alveoli and is available for gas exchange

Front 21

what controls breathing?

Back 21

Medulla and pons work together

Front 22

Dalton's Law

Back 22

Partial Pressure

Front 23

Henry's Law

Back 23

Partial pressure of gas in air is equal to partial pressure of gas in liguid

Front 24

Central Chemoreceptors

Back 24

Located in medulla oblongata; sensitive to CO2 and H+

Front 25

Effects of CO2 and H+ are due to...

Back 25

CO2 + H2O ---> H2CO3 ---> H+ + HCO3

Front 26

Peripheral Chemoreceptors

Back 26

Located in Carotid Sinus & Aortic Arch; Sense low O2

Front 27

Higher CO2 / hypercapnia

Back 27

pH decrease; <7.35

Front 28

Lower CO2 levels / hypocapnia

Back 28

pH increase; >7.45

Front 29

pH < 7.35

Back 29

Acidosis

Front 30

pH > 7.45

Back 30

Alkalosis

Front 31

Pulmonary Ventilation

Back 31

Gas exchange from inspiration and expriation

Front 32

External Respiration

Back 32

Gas exchange in the Respiratory Membrane

Front 33

Internal Respiration

Back 33

Gas exchange occurs between the capillary and tissue cells

Front 34

Cellular Respiration

Back 34

Gas exchange occurs inside the cells

Front 35

CO2 dissolved in plasma

Back 35

7%

Front 36

CO2 bound to hgb

Back 36

23%

Front 37

CO2 as HCO3 (bicarbonate ion)

Back 37

70%

Front 38

Chloride Shift

Back 38

When bicarb. ion leaves the RBC, Cl enters to maintain ionic balance between RBC's and plasma

Front 39

Bradypnea

Back 39

Slow breathing rate

Front 40

Tachypnea

Back 40

Fast breathing rate

Front 41

Dyspnea

Back 41

Abnormal breathing

Front 42

Eupnea

Back 42

Normal breathing

Front 43

Hyperpnea

Back 43

Increase in vol. and rate

Front 44

Hypoxemia

Back 44

Decrease in vol. and rate

Front 45

Hypoxia

Back 45

Low O2 levels

Front 46

Hypercapnia

Back 46

High CO2 levels

Front 47

Hypocapnia

Back 47

Low CO2 levels

Front 48

Cyanosis

Back 48

Bluish color to skin due to insufficient amount of O2 in blood