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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is sarcoidosis and how is it diagnosed?
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A multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown cause.
Diagnosis is often incidental via a CXR. |
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What are the pathologic causes of pleural effusion?
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Transudate (low protein content): usually result of increased venous pressure in cardiac failure or fluid overload.
Exudate (high protein content): infection, inflammation or malignancy. |
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What are the presenting symptoms and clinical features of Pulmonary Embolism?
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SYMPTOMS
- Shortness of Breath - Pleuritic chest pain - Haemoptysis - Syncope CLINICAL FEATURES - Tachycardia - Tachypnoea - Cyanosis - Raised JVP - Hypotension - Signs of DVT in leg |
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What tests are useful in the diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism?
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- D-dimer
- V/Q scan - S1Q3T3 pattern on ECG (rare) - Arterial blood gases - Ultrasonography for DVT |
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What are the risk factors for Pulmonary Embolism?
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- Recent surgery
- Recent stroke or MI - Disseminated malignancy - Prolonged best rest - Pregnancy / HRT / OCP |
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What are the causes of pneumothorax?
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- Subpleural bulla rupture (spontaneous in young males)
- Asthma / COPD - TB / Pneumonia - Marfan's syndrome - Trauma - Iatrogenic (e.g. biopsies) |
