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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the following are frequent causes of what acid-base imbalance?
depression; hypoventilation, atelectasis, broncial obstruction, severe pulmonary infections, heart failure & pulmonary edema; pulmonary embolism |
respiratory acidosis
PaCO2 > 45mmHg pH < 7.35 |
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the following are frequent causes of what acid-base imbalance?
CNS lesions; hyperventilation; anxiety/fear/pain; fever & sepsis |
respiratory alkalosis
PaCO2 < 35 pH > 7.45 |
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the following are frequent causes of what acid-base imbalance?
Excess acid - anaerobic metabolism (shock); renal failure; ketoacidosis |
metabolic acidosis
HCO3 < 22 pH < 7.35 |
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the following are frequent causes of what acid-base imbalance?
Base deficit: diarrhea; intestinal fistulas |
metabolic acidosis
HCO3 < 22 pH < 7.35 |
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the following are frequent causes of what acid-base imbalance?
Base excess: lactate administration; excessive admin of bicarb |
metabolic alkalosis
HCO3 >26 pH > 7.45 |
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the following are frequent causes of what acid-base imbalance?
Acid deficit: vomiting or NG suctioning; hypokalemia & hypochloremia |
metabolic alkalosis
HCO3 >26 pH > 7.45 |
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the following are S/S of what acid-base imbalance?
Mental status changes; hyperventilation (poss. Kussmaul resp); dysrhythmias |
metabolic acidosis
HCO3 < 22 pH < 7.35 |
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the following are S/S of what acid-base imbalance?
lightheadedness; confusion; tingling in hands; dysrhythmias & palpitations |
respiratory alkalosis
PaCO2 < 35 pH > 7.45 |
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the following are S/S of what acid-base imbalance?
restlessness; confusion, lethargy; decreased responsiveness; tachycardia; dysrhythmias; dysnea; resp. distress |
respiratory acidosis
PaCO2 > 45mmHg pH < 7.35 |
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the following are S/S of what acid-base imbalance?
mental status changes; hypoventilation; muscle cramps & twitching |
metabolic alkalosis
HCO3 >26 pH > 7.45 |
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this type of resp failure stems from breakdown of O2 transport from alveolous to arterial flow
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type 1 - hypoxemic failure
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this type of resp failure is linked to ND of "Impaired Gas Exchange"
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type 1 - hypoxemic failure
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this type of resp failure might be caused by:
pneumonia, cardiogenic pulmonary edema; acute resp distress syndrome; aspiration; atelectasis |
type 1 - hypoxemic failure
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this type of resp failure has S/S of:
decreased SaO2; decreased PaO2; increased resp rate |
type 1 - hypoxemic failure
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this type of resp failure uses the following treatments:
O2 therapy; treat the underlying cause |
type 1 - hypoxemic failure
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this type of resp failure uses the following treatments:
improve ventilation; may require mech ventilation; treat underlying cause as able |
type II -
hypoxemic hypercapneic failure |
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this type of resp failure stems from musculoskeletal or anatomical lung dysfunction or suppression
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type II -
hypoxemic hypercapneic failure |
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this type of resp failure is linked to ND of "Ineffective Breathing Pattern"
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type II -
hypoxemic hypercapneic failure |
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this type of resp failure might be caused by:
COPD (alterations in lung anatomy); failure of the neuro sys to stimulate respiration (excess narcotic admin/head injury); muscular failure (muscular dystrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Guillain-Barre); or skeletal alterations (kyphosis or Fx due to trauma) |
type II -
hypoxemic hypercapneic failure |
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this type of resp failure has S/S of:
increased PaCO2; decreased pH; decreased SaO2; decreased PaO2; RR may be increased or decreased; FRV decreases |
type II -
hypoxemic hypercapneic failure |
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this type of resp failure results in failure to purge the lungs of CO2-rich air & intake of new O2-rich air from the environment
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type II -
hypoxemic hypercapneic failure |
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"Impaired Spontaneous Ventilation" is an appropriate ND for this type of resp failure
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type II -
hypoxemic hypercapneic failure |
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this type of pharyngeal airway is contraindicated in clients who are alert & have an intact gag reflex
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oropharyneal airways
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this type of mask is ideal for use in clients wit COPD b/c the mask produces precise & low-flow O2 levels
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venturi mask
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