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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe Reoviridae |
1. Non-enveloped, icosahedral capsid
2. dsRNA (10-12 segments, ~18-20 kbp total size) 3. Some serotypes can cause mild URTI’s, common cold 4. Not a major etiology of URTI’s 5. No antivirals or vaccine, supportive care, hand washing |
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Describe Picornaviridae (Polio) |
1. non-enveloped, icosahedral capsid
2. (+) ssRNA 3. Over 100 serotypes 4. Estimated to cause 50% of URTI’s 5. Optimal growth at 33 C 6. Spread by respiratory droplets, hand to face contact 7. Major cause of antibiotic misuse |
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What are the Non-Polio viruses |
1. Echovirus
2. Coxsackie Virus 3. Enterovirus |
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Describe Coronaviridae |
1. Enveloped, helical capsid
2. (+) ssRNA 3. Usually infects GI or URT 4. Enveloped glycoproteins in EM image appear like a halo or ‘corona’ 5. Spread by aerosol droplets contacting mucous membranes 6. Usually mild to moderate illness, short duration 7. Runny nose, cough, sore throat, fever 8. Sometimes can spread to LRT and cause pneumonia 9. No antivirals or vaccine available 10. ID by PCR and/or serology |
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Describe SARS |
1. Rapid onset
2. Infects the lungs, GI tract, liver and kidneys 3. Disease is limited to the lungs 4. Average incubation period: 4-6 days 5. Natural reservoir is bats |
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Describe MERS-CoV |
1. Most infections result in severe respiratory illness
2. Roughly 50% mortality rate |
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Describe Bunyaviridae |
1. Enveloped, helical capsid
2. (-) ssRNA 3. Natural reservoir; mice 4. No person to person transmission |
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Describe Parvoviridae |
1. Non-enveloped, icosahedral capsid
2. ss linear 3. commonly seen in dogs and cats 4. typically associated with childhood infections 5. most commonly found in association with other viruses |
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Describe Adenoviridae |
1. non-enveloped, icosahedral capsid
2. ds linear (associated with viral histone-like proteins) 3. transmission by direct contact, waterborne or fecal-oral route 4. genome divided into immediate-early, early and late genes 5. modulates cell cycle to gain access cellular DNA polymerase for genome replication 6. diseases include – common cold, keratoconjunctivitis, acute hemorrhagic cystitis, gastroenteritis, pharyngoconjunctival fever |
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Identify the most common etiologies of viral URTI’s |
Picornaviruses ~ 50% of cases Coronaviruses 10-20% of cases Adenoviruses 5% or cases Paramyxoviruses 10-15% of cases Orthomyxoviruses 10-15% of cases Parvoviruses, Reoviruses, and Bunyaviruses are rare |
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1. Discern fact from fiction in regard to myths about the common cold
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1. Usually 5-14 days 2. Nasal congestion, sore throat, malaise, fever 3. Encompasses diseases of larynx, pharynx, sinuses 4. Most caused by viruses, fall and winter prevalence 5. Treatment aimed at managing symptoms |
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1. Recognize the diagnostic tests available for virus identification
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ID by PCR, serology, sequencing, virus isolation, microscopy |
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1. Recognize the importance of global travel and epidemiology in tracking new emerging viral causes of URTI’s
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1. Understanding where the individuals have traveled and how the virus spreads will help to determine the initial location of the virus
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