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27 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Define teratogenesis.
• Insults to the forming fetus
Know the most sensitive period in fetal development.
• 3rd to 8th week
List common teratogens.
1)Infectious agents-Rubella, CMV

2)Physical-
Radiation

3)Chemical-
Drugs: thalidomide,
anticonvulsants,DES

4) Social drugs- Alcohol, tobacco, PCP
5) Metabolic-
Diabetes

6) Chromosomal abnormalities
Obliteration/blockage
of posterior nasal aperture, seen unilaterally, persistence of oranasal membrane prevents joining of nose with oropharynx
Choanal atresia-
Dx/tx- unable to pass #5 french catheter from nose to oropharynx > 32mm

this is for?
Choanal atresia-
ankyloglossia=
tongue tied
glossoptosis=
functional macroglossia
macroglossia=
large tongue
micrognathia=
small jaw
micrognathia- small jaw
2) macroglossia-large tongue
3) glossoptosis-functional macroglossia
4) ankyloglossia- tongue-tied

can all result from?
Failure of midline fusion
triad of U-shaped
palate, micrognathia and glossoptosis =
Pierre-Robin syndrome-
partial or complete absence of trachea below the larynx =
Tracheal atresia-
Dynamic collapse of trachea during expiration=
Tracheomalacia
Most common fistula?
Tracheoesophageal fistulas – TEF
From her quiz:

he most vulnerable period in fetal development is:
3-8th week
From her quiz:

Which intervention is specifically directed towards preventing neural tube defects?

Blood pressure control
Folate supplementation
Iron repletion
Calcium supplementation
Folate supplementation
From her quiz:

An infant presents with severe respiratory distress, inspiratory stridor, wheezing refractory to nebulizer tx with bronchodilators. You suspect:

Tracheal atresia
Choanal atresia
Tracheal stenosis
Tracheomalacia
Tracheal stenosis
From her quiz:

Why are upper cleft lip deformities more common than lower?

Amniotic banding
More complex fusion
Susceptible to iron deficiency
Teratogenic effect of tobacco use
More complex fusion
From her quiz:

The most appropriate timeframe for focusing on the prevention of birth defects in women’s health care is:

The preconception counseling session
When pregnancy is confirmed via serum/urine tests
Onset menses to menopause
Adolescent premenopausal females
Onset menses to menopause
From her quiz:

Definitive treatment for tracheal atresia is:

Immediate intubation/ventilation
Tracheotomy
Ex-utero intrapartum (EXIT) surgery
Ex-utero intrapartum (EXIT) surgery
From her quiz:

Matching: Type the letter of the of the best corresponding answer AFTER each term. A) Beckwidth-Wiedeman and Down’s syndromes. B) Tongue-tied. C) Functional macroglossia. D) Small jaw. E) Pierre-Robin syndrome. Micrognathia - __________ . Ankloglossia - __________ . Glossoptosis - __________ . U-shaped palate, micrognathia, glossoptosis - __________ . Macroglossia - __________ .
1 D
2 B
3 C
4 E
5 A
From her quiz:

Polyhydraminos in utero is suspicious for:

Tracheal atresia
Cleft lip/palate
TEF
Choanal atresia
TEF
From her quiz:

Bronchiogenic cysts are:

Managed with prophylactic antibiotic therapy
Surgically excised
Removed via bronchoscopy
Monitored with yearly x-rays until dissolution
Surgically excised
From her quiz:

The pathogenesis of tracheomalacia involves:

Abnormal development of the laryngeotracheal groove

Intrinsic defect in the cartilaginous portion of the trachea

Obliteration of the posterior nasal aperture

Compression secondary to haratomas
Intrinsic defect in the cartilaginous portion of the trachea
From her quiz:

Infants with TEF’s are commonly at risk for which infectious process?

CAP
Meningitis
Aspiration pneumonia
Gastroenteritis
Aspiration pneumonia
From her quiz:

Severe facial malformations often correlate with:

Cardiac defects
CNS defects
TEF malformation
CNS defects
From her quiz:

Infants with nasal anomalies are more prone to seizures and mental retardation because of which association?

Adrenal gland hyperplasia
Pituitary gland insufficiency
Hydrocephalus
Pituitary gland insufficiency