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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Crackles |
Discontinuous Fine/course Caused by collapsed or fluid filled alveoli popping open Heard at bad during inhalation |
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Atelectic crackle |
Common in elderly Disappear after several breaths |
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Pleural fiction rub |
Grating sound from fluid in the pericardial space due to inflamed pleura Inspiration/expiration Pericarditis |
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Diminished breath sounds |
Obese, muscular chest wall Poor inspiration effort Pleural effusion |
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Pleural effusion |
Excess fluid in pleural cavity |
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Absent breath sounds |
Missing lung/lobe airway obstruction, pneumothorax |
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Pneumothorax |
Collapsed lung |
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Sonorous |
Wheeze, rhonchi Expiration Low pitched snoring Airway filled with fluid/secretions |
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Stridor |
Inspiration Heard around neck Partial airway obstruction |
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PMI assess location |
Point of max impulse at apical pulse |
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Auscultatory Sites for heart S1 & S2 |
Aortic S1 Pulmonic S2 Erbs point even Tricuspid Mital |
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First heart sound "lub" |
Occurs when atrioventricular valves close Triscupid Mitral |
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Second heart sound "dub" |
Occurs when semilunar valves close Systolic contraction aortic & pulmonic valve |
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S2 split |
Best heard at pulmonic area during inspiration lub-BLUB fixed split no variation-abnormal |
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S2 split |
Best heard at pulmonic area during inspiration lub-BLUB fixed split no variation-abnormal |
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S3 |
Heard with bell Due to rapid ventricular filling: ventricular gallop S1--S2-S3 ken--tuc-ky May be present in CHF |
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S4 |
Slow ventricular contraction: atrial gallop S4-S1--S2 Ten-nes--see May be present in MI, HTN, CAD |
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Murmurs |
Turbulent blood flow within the heart Listen for murmurs in the same ausculatory sites APETM |
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Peripheral Vascular Assessment |
Skin temp Color Pulses Cap refill Edema |
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Peripheral vascular pulses |
Carotid,brachial, radial, ulnar, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedis, posterior tibial |
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Assessing for Edema |
Depress pretibial area, medial malleolus for 5 seconds Grade 1+ to 4+ |
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DVT |
Deep vein thrombosis Blood clot in one of the veins |
