Research Methods: Variables And Experimental Designs

Front 1

What is an independant variable?

Back 1

The variables you change in your research

Front 2

What is a dependant variable?

Back 2

The variables you measure in your research

Front 3

What are extraneous variables?

Back 3

Variables other than the IV that can affect the DV

Front 4

What is a matched pairs design?

Back 4

When participants are matched based on cimilar characteristics that are being tested in the study

Front 5

What is a repeated measures design?

Back 5

When there's only one group of participants who sit both variables in a study.

Front 6

What is an independant groups design?

Back 6

When there are two groups of participants who only sit one variable of the study that's being tested

Front 7

What is the fatigue effect? How is it counteracted?

Back 7

The effect on a participants performance in the second condition of a study due to already completing the first condition.

Front 8

What are the positives of matched pairs design?

Back 8

Individual differences are less likely to impact the findings and are more controlled
No order effects as participants only sit one condition

Front 9

What are the negatives of matched paris desgin?

Back 9

Impossible to match participants exactly on all variables
Extremely time consuming
If one person does not want their research published, 2 participants would be lost

Front 10

What are the positives of independant groups design?

Back 10

No fatigue/order effects as participants only sit one condition
Participants cannot work out the aim of the study
Less time consuming than RM/MP as studies can run concurrently

Front 11

What are the negatives of independant groups design?

Back 11

Participant variables can impact the findings
More people required so more time consuming

Front 12

What are the positives of repeated measures design?

Back 12

Less participants required as they sit both conditions
No participant variables as the same people are used each time

Front 13

What are the negatives of repeated measures design?

Back 13

Participants may work out the aim of the study or suffer fatigue effects due to doing both conditions one after the other

Front 14

How are the issues of fatigue effect reduced during repeated measures design?

Back 14

Counterbalancing. Group A do condition 2 first and Group B do condition 1 first, then they swap

Front 15

When is a one tailed hypothesis used?

Back 15

When there is no prior research in the area of research being investigated

Front 16

When is a two tailed hypothesis used?

Back 16

When there's prior research and findings in the area of research being investigated

Front 17

What's an example of a one tailed hypothesis?

Back 17

There will be a difference in the behaviour of participants who drink a cup of black coffee and then sit a short maths test than participants who do not drink a cup of black coffee before the test.

Front 18

What's an example of a two tailed hypothesis?

Back 18

Participants who drink a cup of black coffee before they sit a short maths test will score higher than participants who do not drink a cup of black coffee before they sit a maths test