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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the threats to Internal Validity?
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1.) History
2.) Maturation 3.) Testing 4.) Instrumentation 5.) Statistical Regression 6.) Selection Bias 7.) Experimental Mortality 8.) Diffusion of Treatment 9.) Compensatory Treatment |
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History
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external events that could have impacted our outcome that has nothing to do with what we’re researching.
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Maturation
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growing biologically, socially etc. people growing over time
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Testing
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impact of handing out a pre-test before the post-test. They’ve seen the questions before, possibility of being exposed to prior test will influence their response (social desirability)
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Instrumentation
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similar to testing, the actual measurements have changed from pre-test to post-test
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Statistical Regression
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??
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Selection Bias
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generalize the results in a study and use that to apply to the greater population
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Experimental Mortality
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people drop out of the study also known as sample attrition
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Diffusion of Treatment
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no clear division between the experimental group and the control group
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Compensatory Treatment
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feeling bad for the control group so giving them more attention/treatment/service. But that doesn’t make them a control group anymore
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Non-Experimental Design
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• Single group
• No control or comparison groups A.) O1 X O2 B.) O1 ^Pre/post test ^cross-sectional/single observation |
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Experimental Design-- "True Experiment"
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• Random assignment
• Control group • Group equivalence |
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Internal Validity
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the possibility that conclusions drawn from experiments may not accurately reflect what happened during the experiment.
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External Validity
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Will the results from the experiment be consistent through different populations and groups.
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Probability
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we want to use this when we want to generalize our sample group back to the population (want to reflect what would happen if we studied the entire population)
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Population
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the sum of all elements (units in a certain area)
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Elements
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The units that define a population
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Sample
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Sub group from the population
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Sample Frame
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Master list of all elements in a population
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Sample Units
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The specific units that define a population
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