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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Illusion Correlation
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Apparent relationship based on casual observations of unrelated or weakly related events.
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Representative Sample
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Selection on the population chosen to match the entire population with regard to specific variables.
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Placebo
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Inactive pill that has no known effect on the subjects in an experiment.
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Random Sample
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Type of assignment chance procedure for assigning subjects to groups that every subject has the same chance as any other subject of being assigned to a certain group.
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Control Group
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Group treated in the same way as the experimental group except for the procedure that the experiment designed to test.
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Hypothesis
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Clear predictive statement.
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Demand Characteristics
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Characteristics cues that tell a subject what is expected from him or her and what the experimenter hopes to find.
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Induction
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Process of inferring a general principal from observations.
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Single-Blind
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Study in which either the observer or the subjects are unaware of which subjects received which treatment.
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Experimental Group
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The group that receives the treatment that an experiment is designed to test.
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Independent Variable
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Variable in an experiment the item that an experimenter manipulates to determine how it affects the dependent variable.
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Double-Blind Study
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Kind of study in which neither the observer nor the subjects know which subjects received which treatment.
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Correlation Study
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Measure of the relationship between two variables, which are both outside the investigator's control.
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Informed Consent
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Subject's agreement to take part in an experiment after being told what to expect.
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Population
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Entire group of individuals to be considered.
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Survey
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Study of the prevalence of certain beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors based on peoples responses to specific questions.
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Blind
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Observer who can record data without knowing what the researcher has predicted.
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Convenience Sample
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Sample group chosen because of its ease of study.
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Dependent Variable
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Item that an experimenter measures to determine how changes in the independent variable affect it.
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Theory
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Comprehensive explanation of observable events.
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Naturalistic Observation
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Observing subjects in their natural environment.
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Interview
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Study of the prevalence of certain beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors based on peoples responses in a interview.
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Case Study
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An in depth study of one person.
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Extraneous Variables
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Something that the experimenter did not plan for.
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Cross-Cultural Sample
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Sample that looks at how different cultures affect human behavior.
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Correlation Coefficient
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Used to look for relationships between variables (pos. or neg.)
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Deduction
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The outcome of the experiment.
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Experimenter Bias
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When scientists unconsciously affect subjects in experiments.
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Ethics
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Moral Principles.
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