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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Experimental research : |
-The purpose is to establish the existence of a cause-and-effect relationship between two variables. -an experiment manipulates one variable while a second variable is measured -other variables are controlled |
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Experiment,or true experiment: |
-An experiment attempts to show that changes in one variable are directly responsible for changes in a second variable |
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Independent variable: |
-the independent variable is the variable manipulated by the researcher. -In behavioral research, the independent variable usually consists of two or more treatment conditions to which participants are exposed |
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Treatment condition: |
- is a situation or environment characterized by one specific value of the manipulated variable. -levels of the independent variable -An experiment contains two or more treatment conditions that differ according to the values of the manipulated variable |
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Levels: |
-The different values of the independent variable selected to create and define the treatment conditions |
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Dependent variable: |
-a variable whose value depends on that of another. -The dependent variable is typically a behavior or a response measured in each treatment condition. strap |
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Extraneous variable: |
-All variables in the study other than the independent and dependent variables are called extraneous variables. |
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Manipulation: |
-the researcher is looking for the possible effect on the dependent variable that might be caused by changing the independent variable |
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Randomization and Random assignment: |
-Randomization is the use of a random process to help avoid a systematic relationship between two variables -Random assignment is the use of a random process to assign participants to treatment conditions. |
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Experimental group, Control group, No-treatment control group: |
-experimental group refers to the treatment condition in an experiment - control group refers to the no-treatment condition in an experiment - no-treatment control group is a condition in which the participants do not receive the treatment being evaluated |
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Placebo effect and Placebo control group |
- The placebo effect refers to a response by a participant to an inert medication that has no real effect on the body. -The placebo effect occurs simply because the individual thinks the medication is effective -placebo control group is a condition in which participants receive a placebo instead of the actual treatment |
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Manipulation check: |
-is an additional measure to assess how the participants perceived and interpreted the manipulation and/or to assess the direct effect of the manipulation |
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Simulation and Field study: |
- A simulation is the creation of conditions within an experiment that simulate or closely duplicate the natural environment -field study refers to research conducted in a place that the participant or subject perceives as a natural environment |