Reproductive System-Female

Front 1

What are the essential organs of the female reproductive system?

Back 1

ovaries and ova

Front 2

what are oocytes?

Back 2

an immature ova (egg)

Front 3

What are the accessory organ ducts of the female system?

Back 3

uterine (fallopian tube)

uterus

vagina

Front 4

What are the accessory sex glands?

Back 4

breast and bartholins (greater vestibular) glands

Front 5

What are the characteristics of ovaries?

Back 5

paired glands weigh= 3 g each

attached to ovarian ligaments in pelvic cavity on each side of uterus

Front 6

What is the process of ovum production?

Back 6

oogenesis

Front 7

What is oogenesis?

Back 7

1) meiotic cell division produces daughter cells with equal chromosome numbers but UNEQUAL cytoplasm

2) Ovum or oocyte is large

3) Polar bodies are small and degenerate

Front 8

What hormone is produced in the corpus luteum?

Back 8

progesterone and some estrogen

Front 9

What does progesterone do to the uterine lining?

Back 9

thickens it

Front 10

20 week old female fetus has what in the uterus?

Back 10

7 million oogonia

Front 11

At birth, how many primary follicles contain primary oocytes lined with granulosa cells?

Back 11

1 million

Front 12

at puberty, how many secondary follicles with hollow fluid filled chamber (antrum)?

Back 12

400,000

Front 13

how many mature graafian follicles ovulate during reproductive lifetime?

Back 13

350,000

Front 14

What is ovulation?

Back 14

release of a secondary oocyte from an ovary that travels down fallopian tube towards uterus

Front 15

track the growth of a follicle

Back 15

primary follicle -secondary follicle-mature graafian follicle-ovulation-corpus luteum

Front 16

what is being ovulated every month?

Back 16

mature graafian follicle

Front 17

What is the major difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis?

Back 17

Oogenesis results in the formation of one viable oocyte where spermatogenesis results in the formation of four viable sperm

Front 18

What is the pregnancy hormone called?

Back 18

HCG

Front 19

What happens to HCG at 12 weeks?

Back 19

HCG takes over progesterone secretion from corpus luteum.

Front 20

When does the corpus luteum degenerates?

Back 20

14 days unless secondary oocyte is fertilized by sperm.

Front 21

What happens during menses?

Back 21

Progesterone levels drop and uterus lining stops thickening and sheds

Front 22

In a female which of the following structures houses the oocytes>?

Back 22

ovarian cortex

Front 23

female reproductive hormones are produced by the?

Back 23

granulosa cells

Front 24

How do you fertilize a secondary oocyte?

Back 24

spermatozoa must pass through zone pellucida and corona radiata

Front 25

what is the innermost layer of a secondary oocyte?

Back 25

zona pellucida

Front 26

what is the cells surrounding the zona pellucida?

Back 26

corona radiata

Front 27

What does a LARGE antrum indicate?

Back 27

mature graafian follicle

Front 28

What are the female reproductive ducts?

Back 28

uterine fallopian tubes which are the site of fertilization

Front 29

what attracts the oocyte?

Back 29

frimbrae connected to the fallopian tube

Front 30

how do ovulated oocytes enter the fallopian tubes?

Back 30

via undulations of the frimbriae that draw in the oocyte

Front 31

What are three areas of the uterus?

Back 31

Body, fundus (superior), and cervix (inferior)

Front 32

Where is the uterus located?

Back 32

in the pelvic cavity behind the urinary bladder

Front 33

What is the muscle layer of the uterus?

Back 33

myometrium

Front 34

what is lost during menstruation?

Back 34

endometrium

Front 35

what is menopause?

Back 35

end of menstrual cycle at 45-50 years old

Front 36

What is the outtermost layer of the uterus wall?

Back 36

perimetrium

Front 37

What is bartholin's glands?

Back 37

1) an accessory sex gland

2) secretes mucous

3) ducts open between labia minus

Front 38

What are breast?

Back 38

1) accessory sex gland

2) mammary glands (adipose tissue)

Front 39

what are mammary glands made of?

Back 39

alveoli and alveoli groups called lobes

Front 40

what is lactiferous sinus?

Back 40

enlarged, spindle shaped dilation where milk pools from breastfeeding

Front 41

trace the process of milk in mammary glands.

Back 41

milk-lactiferous duct-lactiferous sinus-open to outside at nipple

Front 42

What might happen in a nonpregnant woman who began taking high levels of progesterone and estrogen supplements followed by high doses of prolactin supplements?

Back 42

the woman's mammary glands would begin lactating

Front 43

what is the perineum?

Back 43

area between the vaginal opening and anus

Front 44

In females, the blank is the homoglogous structure to the glans penis in males?

Back 44

clitoris

Front 45

The Blank of the uterus receives the embryo and provides nourishment until placenta is formed.

Back 45

endometrium

Front 46

What happens during day 6-13 of your menses?

Back 46

it is the proliferative phase where epithelial cells reproduce uterus lining

Front 47

what happens during day 14 of your menses?

Back 47

ovulation occurs

-secondary ooxyte is release from ovary and moves into fallopian tube for possible fertilization

Front 48

what happens during day 15-28 of your menses?

Back 48

-Secretory phase (luteal)

-uterine lining prepares for pregnancy unless no fertilization occurs blood supply decreases causing lining cells to die

Front 49

What phase does progesterone secrete in?

Back 49

luteal phase (secretory)

Front 50

How is menses initiated?

Back 50

decrease levels of progesterone and estrogen

Front 51

proliferative phase is also known as?

Back 51

repair stage of endometrium

Front 52

What is produced by ovaries?

Back 52

-estrogen: promotes growth and development of uterus lining

-progesterone: maintains thickness of uterine lining.

Front 53

what is produced by anterior pituitary gland?

Back 53

FSH and LH hormone

Front 54

Which is a secondary sexual characteristic promoted by estrogen?

Back 54

growth of mammary glands