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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the only organ found outside the human body? |
Testes |
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What temperature do the testes need to be maintained at and why? |
35C If temperature increases, sperm production decreases |
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How is the temperature in the testes regulated? |
Dartos muscle of Scrotum Cremaster muscle of Spermatic Cord Muscles contract/relax to raise/lower testes |
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How is blood supplied to the testes? |
Spermatic cord |
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Where is the site of spermatogenesis? |
Seminiferous tubules of testes |
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Name the 3 types of cells in the seminiferous tubules. |
Spermatogonia Sertoli Interstitial (Leydig) |
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Where are spermatagonia found and what do they produce? |
Around inner edge of tubule. Produce sperm by meiosis |
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What do Sertoli cells do? |
Provide nutrients + aid growth of sperm cells |
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Where are interstitial cells found and what do they produce? |
Around outer part of tubule. Produce testosterone |
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What is Testicular Torsion and what is the problem with it? |
Twisted spermatic cord meaning restricted blood supply to testes |
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What is the most common cause of testicular torsion? |
Trauma |
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When does the mumps virus affect the testicles? |
After puberty |
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What effect does the mumps virus have on the testes? |
Increases temperature in the testes Sperm producing cells die |
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What is semen? |
Fluid medium in which sperm swim |
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Name the 3 glands that produce semen. |
Prostate Gland Seminal Vesicle Bulbourethral Gland |
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What does semen contain? |
Mainly water Fructose Proteins Mucus Salts |
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What does fructose do? |
Powers sperm cells |
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Where is the prostate gland found? |
Neck of bladder |
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What does the prostate gland do? |
Releases fluid component of semen |
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What effect does age have on the prostate gland? |
Gets bigger with age, compresses urethra Makes it more difficult to pass urine |
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What do the ovaries do? |
Produce ova/oocytes Produce oestrogen + progesterone |
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How does the ovum move along the fallopian tube? |
Tube is lined by ciliated epithelium |
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How does chlamydia increase the risk of an ectopic pregnancy? |
Destroys cilia |
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Name the 3 layers of the uterus. |
Endometrium Myometrium Perimetrium |
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What is the endometrium? |
Inner vascular layer of the uterus Shed every 28 days |
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What is the myometrium? |
Thick muscular layer of uterus |
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What is the perimetrium? |
The outer layer of the uterus that forms a protective membrane |
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What does the perimetrium produce and why? |
Thin watery fluid to lubricate outer part of uterus |
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The cervix is the neck of the womb. What is the opening of the cervix called? |
Oz |
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Why is the oz normally blocked by a mucus plug? |
Stops bacteria entering the uterus + fallopian tubes |
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The mucus plug dissolves around day 14 of the menstrual cycle. What does this mean? |
Easier for sperm to enter |
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What does HPV commomly cause? |
Genital warts |
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HPV is a major cause of cervical cancer. What other cancer is HPV thought to trigger? |
Prostate cancer |
