Reproductive System

Front 1

what are the primary sex organs?

Back 1

Gonads

Front 2

gonads =

Back 2

testes and ovaries

Front 3

gonads produce what two thing ?

Back 3

gametes and hormones

Front 4

-sex cells

Back 4

gametes

Front 5

what are the 3 Accessory reproductive organs ?

Back 5

ducts, glands, external genitalia

Front 6

what determines the sex of the offspring ?

Back 6

sperm

Front 7

Gonads appear at 5-6 weeks as _______ ________ in the _____ ______

Back 7

gonadal ridges, abdominal cavity

Front 8

at 5- 6 week what is adjacent to the gonadal ridges ?

Back 8

mesonpheric duct and the paramesonpheric duct

Front 9

- a sac like structure, purpose is it maintain temp of testis

Back 9

scrotum

Front 10

sperm is not viable at ____ body temp

Back 10

core

Front 11

what two muscles control the scrotum ? WHAT do the control

Back 11

1. dartos muscle ( CAUSES WRINKLES )

2. cremaster muscle (brings closer to pelvic cavity)

Front 12

the sex determing region (SRY) codes for what? and is located where?

Back 12

testis determining factor and Y chromosome

Front 13

(TDF) interacts with genes on the ___ _________ to for________ receptors

Back 13

x chromosome , andrgoen

Front 14

by week __-__ early testicles appear and produce testosterone

Back 14

8-9

Front 15

at week 8-9 what dose the mesonephric duct develop into ?

Back 15

male duct system

Front 16

at week 8-9 the paramesonephric duct is inhibited by _______ _________ ______ secreted by the testes

Back 16

mullerian inhibiting factor

Front 17

at what week are male genetals recognizable ?

Back 17

12

Front 18

at week 12 a connective tissue cord called the ______ begins to extend from the testis to the ______

Back 18

gubernaculum, scrotum

Front 19

what dos the gubernaculum pass through at week 12 ?

Back 19

oblique muscle and aponeroses

Front 20

at week 12 what extend as the vaginal process?

Back 20

peritoneum

Front 21

at week 12 the path of low resistance become the what ?

Back 21

inguinal canal

Front 22

at ___ moths the testis descend into the scrotum

Back 22

7

Front 23

late in the development period what dose the vaginal process become?

Back 23

tunica vaginalis

Front 24

later in development what dose the vaginal process become ?

Back 24

tunica vaginalis

Front 25

blood supply to the testies comes from what?

Back 25

testicular arteries

Front 26

what supplies blood to the testicular arteries ?

Back 26

abdominal aorta

Front 27

- a venouse network surronding the testicular artey in the spermatic cord

Back 27

pampiniform plexus

Front 28

the branches of th pampinifrom plexus converge to form what?

Back 28

testicular vein

Front 29

the plexus acts a a counter current for the exchange of what ?

Back 29

heat

Front 30

the plexus remove heat from the _____ blood to help rid heat for sperm production

Back 30

arterial

Front 31

what are the two conective tissue tunics that cover the testes? which is inner and which is outer?

Back 31

tunica vaginalis outer

tunica albuginea inner

Front 32

- in tge tetses a lobe is made of these

Back 32

seminiferous tubules

Front 33

- location of sperm production

Back 33

seminiferous tubules

Front 34

coild tubes located within testicles

Back 34

seminiferous tubules

Front 35

seminiferous tubules lead to the ______ _____

Back 35

rete testis

Front 36

the rete testis join to form what ?

Back 36

efferent ductules

Front 37

what are ductules lined with ?

Back 37

cilliated epithelium

Front 38

the seminiferous tubules are lined with what ?

Back 38

germinal epithelium

Front 39

what type of cell develops into sperm ?

Back 39

germinal epithelium

Front 40

in the testes what produces testosteron ?

Back 40

the inerstitial cells of tubules

Front 41

what cell provide nutrients and remove waste from germ cells ?

Back 41

sustentacular cells

Front 42

what type of cell produces androgen binding proteins ?

Back 42

sustentacular cells

Front 43

what type of cell creates the blood testes barrier with tight junctions ?

Back 43

sustentacular

Front 44

- blood vessels , nerves, and duct pass through what ?

Back 44

spermatic cord

Front 45

where dose sperm complet development ?

Back 45

Epididymis

Front 46

what stores sperm as they reach maturity ?

Back 46

epididymis

Front 47

how long do sperm live befor being phagocytized

Back 47

a few months

Front 48

Ductus (vas) deferns connects what two thing

Back 48

the epididymis and the ejaculatory duct

Front 49

the ductus vas deferens travels withing the _______ ________ and loops over the ________

Back 49

spermatic cord and ureter

Front 50

the Ejaculatroy duct is fromed from combination of __________ and ________

Back 50

ductus deferens and seminal vesicles

Front 51

both the ductus deferens and th seminal vesicles travel through the prostate gland before emptying into the __________

Back 51

urethera

Front 52

- terminal portion of the male duct system

Back 52

urethera

Front 53

- serves both the urinary and reproductive system

Back 53

urehtera

Front 54

-secretes fluid containign fructose , ascorbic acid , coagulating enzymes and prostaglandins

Back 54

seminal vesicles

Front 55

- secretion plays a role in activating sperm

Back 55

prostate

Front 56

- secertion neutralizes acidic urine in urethra

Back 56

bulbourethral

Front 57

the penis is supplied by what 2 arteries ?

Back 57

dorsal and deep artery

Front 58

what are the two types of tissue in the penis ?

Back 58

spongy urethra and erectile tissue

Front 59

corpus spongiosum is the ___________ tissue and corpora cavernosa is the __________ tissue

Back 59

spongy, erectile

Front 60

what tissue in the penis is the larges in proportion ?

Back 60

corpora cavernosa

Front 61

where do the deep arteries travel in the penis ?

Back 61

through the core of the corpora cavernosa

Front 62

what cause the deep arteries to dialte ?

Back 62

the release of nitrous oxide

Front 63

what fills with blood when the deep arteris dialte ?

Back 63

lacunae

Front 64

after ejaculation sympathetic fibers cause _______ ______ to constrict

Back 64

pudendal arteries

Front 65

after ejaculation what drains the blood ?

Back 65

dorsal vein

Front 66

muscle fiber in what tissue constrics to squeeze out the blood ?

Back 66

erectile tissue

Front 67

-fluid that is ejaculated

Back 67

semen

Front 68

what provides a transport medium and activating chemicals for sperm?

Back 68

semen

Front 69

what is the energey source for sperm ?

Back 69

fructose

Front 70

in semen prostaglandins do what two major things?

Back 70

1. decrease viscosity of vaginal mucus

2. produce revers peristalsis of uterus and medial portion of uterine tube

Front 71

the pH of what neutralizes the acidic vagina

Back 71

semen

Front 72

the hypothalamus releases what hormone ?

Back 72

gonadotropin- releasing hormone (GNRH)

Front 73

GNRH stimulates the pituitary to releas what two hormones ?

Back 73

follicle - stimulating and lutenizing hormone

Front 74

FSH stiumulates what cells to to secret androgen binding proteins

Back 74

sustentacular

Front 75

andrgoen binding proteins bind testosterone to what ?

Back 75

germ cells

Front 76

LH stimulates interstitial cells to secret what?

Back 76

testosterone

Front 77

what dose testosterone stimulate ?

Back 77

spermatogenesis

Front 78

-steps that lead to production of sperm

Back 78

spermatogenesis

Front 79

spermatogenesis produce _________ gametes

Back 79

haploid

Front 80

sperm producing cells begin as _______ _____ located in the _______ ________

Back 80

primordial germ, yolk sac

Front 81

at 5-6 weeks primodial germ cells become __________

Back 81

spermatogonia

Front 82

spermatogonia divide by __________

Back 82

mitosis

Front 83

after passing through the blood testes barrier spermatogonia divide into _________ __________

Back 83

secondary spermatocytes

Front 84

each secondary spermatocytes undergoes meiosis 2 to produce what

Back 84

4 spermatogonium

Front 85

spermiogenesis - def.

Back 85

- spermatid loses excess cytoplasim and deveople tails

Front 86

the head of the sperm is topped with a _________

Back 86

acrosome

Front 87

where dose spermiogenesis take place?

Back 87

epididymis

Front 88

s

Back 88

s