Reproductive System

Front 1

The testes are divided into 1-4 lobules which contain 250 seminiferous tublules that manufacture sperm.

Back 1

False. The testes are divided into 250 Lobules which each have 1-4 sem. tubules that manufacture sperm.

Front 2

Interstitial cells surrounding the seminiferous tubules produce testosterone.

Back 2

True.

Front 3

The prostate gland encircles the ureter just below the bladder.

Back 3

False. The prostate encircles the URETHRA just below the bladder.

Front 4

PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) is an enzyme produced by the prostate. Decreased leveles of PSA show up in cancerous blood.

Back 4

False. Increased levels of PSA exist in blood with cancer.

Front 5

Seminal vessicals secrete nutrients and enzymes into ejaculate in order to increase sperm motility.

Back 5

True.

Front 6

LH stimulates sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules to release AB Protein and Inhibin.

Back 6

False. FSH stimulates sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules to secrete AB Protein and Inhibin.

Front 7

LH stimulates Leydig (interstitial) cells which lie outside of the sem. tub. to release testosterone.

Back 7

True.

Front 8

The gonadotropic hormones, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), regulate the menstrual cycle of females and have no function in males.

Back 8

False. In the male FSH stimulates the Sertoli cells and LH stim. the Leydig cells

Front 9

In the male, LH stimulates the synthesis and release of testosterone mainly by the interstitial cells of the testes.

Back 9

True

Front 10

Luteinizing hormone creates conditions in both males and females that cause the inhibition of its own secretion by triggering negative feedback mechanisms.

Back 10

True

Front 11

After spermatids are formed, there are no further cell divisions in the process of spermatogenesis

Back 11

True. No further divisions...no more morphological changes.

Front 12

The majority of semen volume is provided by secretions of the seminal vesicles

Back 12

True

Front 13

An ovum never finishes the process of meiosis until it is fertilized by sperm.

Back 13

True. At ovulation the oocyte is arrested in metaphase II and after fertilization meiosis II is completed.

Front 14

During the luteal phase, the reptured follicle fils with clotted blood, and the granulosa and theca cells form the corpus luteum.

Back 14

True

Front 15

The corpus lutuem secretes both progesterone and estrogen, hormones required for pregnancy to progress.

Back 15

True.

Front 16

Levels of leptin, a hormone produced by adipose cells, are important in the initiation of puberty.

Back 16

True.

Front 17

When levels of progesterone, estrogen, and inhibin are low, FSH and LH are inhibited.

Back 17

False. When levels of progesterone, estrogen, and inhibin are HIGH, FSH and LH are inhibited.

Front 18

If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum disintegrates within a couple of weeks and becomes a corpus spongiosum.

Back 18

The corpus luteum will regress to become the corpus ALBICANS if pregnancy does not occur.

Front 19

Low estrogen levels inhibit the release of FSH and LH but enhances their production and storage.

Back 19

True

Front 20

LH triggers ovulation

Back 20

True

Front 21

A decrease in progesterone and estrogen levels begins the ovarian cycle.

Back 21

True

Front 22

Fertilization occurs in the oviducts.

Back 22

True

Front 23

During the proliferation stage of the uterine cycle, the endometrium is shed.

Back 23

False. The endometrium is shed during mestruation. The endometrium is REBUILT during proliferation.

Front 24

Ovulation occurs on day 27/28 of the uterine cycle.

Back 24

False. Ovulation occurs around day 14!

Front 25

Estrogen raises blood cholesterol.

Back 25

False. Estrogen LOWERS blood cholesterol.

Front 26

Progesterone is most exhibited during pregnancy and is responsible for changes in the endometrium.

Back 26

True.

Front 27

During the follicular phase FSH steadily decreases as the follicles become less responsive to FSH and more responsive to LH.

Back 27

True

Front 28

Progesterone is secreted by trophoblast cells and maintains the corpus luteum.

Back 28

False. HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN (hCG) is secreted by trophoblasts and maintains the corpus luteum. In fact, pregnancy test use antibodies to detect hCG.

Front 29

The umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood from the placenta via the ductus venosus to bypass the liver.

Back 29

True.

Front 30

Implantation occurs 3-4 days after ovulation.

Back 30

False. Implantation occurs 6-7 days after ovulation. The blastocyst attaches to the endometrium, usually high in the uterus.

Front 31

The oocyte must be fertilized within 24hours, the same amount of time sperm survive for.

Back 31

False. Yes, the oocyte must be fertilized within 24 hours but sperm survive for 48 hours.

Front 32

As the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle progresses, the amount of FSH secreted from the anterior pituitary gland increases and the follicles become responsive to FSH.

Back 32

False, during the follicular phase the follicles become less and less responsive to FSH and increasingly more responsive to LH. Thus, FSH decreases.

Front 33

Sperm are at the peak of their fertility when freshly ejaculated such that their ability to fertilize an ovum declines sharply within three to four hours.

Back 33

False. Sperm are infertile immediately after ejaculation and reach maximum fertility approximately 7 hours after ejaculation.

Front 34

Human chorionic gonadotropin is essential throughout the pregnancy to maintain the pregnancy and prevent miscarriage.

Back 34

False. hCG is only required for the first 5 to 6 weeks of pregnancy and after this time the placenta can secrete all hormones needed to maintain pregnancy.