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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
On which side is a varicocele more common and why?
on the left because the left gonadal vein drains to the left renal vein before the IVC but it goes directly on the right
Which nodes do the testes/ovaries drain to?
para-aortic lymph nodes (retroperitoneal)
Where do the proxinal 2/3 of the vagina/uterus drain to?
obdurator, external iliac and hypogastric nodes
What does the cardinal ligament support?
cervix to side wall of pelvis
What vessels does the cardinal ligament contain?
uterine
Through which structure do the ovarian vessel pass?
suspensory ligament of the ovaries
Erection physio (pro- and anti-)
parasympathetic stim of pelvic nerve ==> inc. NO==> inc. cGMP ==> smooth muscle relaxation ==> vasodilation

NE ==> inc. in intracellular Ca concentration ==> vasoconstriction
Which nerves control emission and ejaculation?
Emission: hypogastric (sympathetic)

Ejac: visceral and somatic nerves
From what are the acrosome and flagella derived?
acrosome: golgi

flagella: centriole
On which side is a varicocele more common and why?
on the left because the left gonadal vein drains to the left renal vein before the IVC but it goes directly on the right
Which nodes do the testes/ovaries drain to?
para-aortic lymph nodes (retroperitoneal)
Where do the proxinal 2/3 of the vagina/uterus drain to?
obdurator, external iliac and hypogastric nodes
What does the cardinal ligament support?
cervix to side wall of pelvis
What vessels does the cardinal ligament contain?
uterine
Through which structure do the ovarian vessel pass?
suspensory ligament of the ovaries
Describe the histology of the ovary, fallopian tube, uterus, endo/ecto-cervix and vagina
ovary - simple cuboidal
fallopian tube -simple columnar ciliated
Uterus- simple columnar pseudostratified
Endocervix-simple columnar
Ectocervix-stratified squamous
Vagina- stratified squamous
Erection physio (pro- and anti-)
parasympathetic stim of pelvic nerve ==> inc. NO==> inc. cGMP ==> smooth muscle relaxation ==> vasodilation

NE ==> inc. in intracellular Ca concentration ==> vasoconstriction
Which nerves control emission and ejaculation?
Emission: hypogastric (sympathetic)

Ejac: visceral and somatic nerves
From what are the acrosome and flagella derived?
acrosome: golgi

flagella: centriole
What are the functions of the Sertoli cells?
secrete inhibin
secrete ABP
produce anti-MH
tight junctions
support/nourish
regulate spermatogenesis
What is the function of the Leydig cells?
secrete testosterone
What is the progression of sperm maturation?
spermatogonium (2N diploid) ==> primary spermatocyte (4N) ==> secondary spermatocyte (2N, haploid)==>spermatid (N) ==> spermatazoa (N)