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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ovary histology
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simple CUBOIDAL epithelium
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Fallopian tube histology
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simple COLUMNAR epithelim; CILIATED
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Uterus histology
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simple COLUMNAR epithelium
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED TUBULAR GLANDS |
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endocervix histology
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Simple columnar epithelium
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vagina histology
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Stratified SQUAMOUS epithelium, NONKERATINIZED
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Broad ligament
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= big, draping ligament that connects the uterus, fallopian tube and ovaries to pelvic wall
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Suspensory ligament of the ovaries
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- Connects ovaries to the lateral pelvic wall
- contains the ovarian vessels |
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Round ligament of the uterus
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- uterine FUNDUS to Labia MAJORA
- courses thru inguinal canal - derivative of the gubernaculum - contains no structures |
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Ligament of the ovary
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- connects the ovary to the lateral uterus
- don't confuse w/ susepensory ligament of the ovaries |
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antierection
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NE -> inc ca+2 -> smooth muscle contaction and vasoconstriction
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Sermiogenesis
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Spermatid -> sprematozoa
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sperm parts
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Acrosome = golgi apparatus
Flagellum (tail) = one of the centrioles Middle piece (neck) = mitochondria Feeds on Fructose |
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Spermatogonia
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- germ cells
- maintain germ pool and produce primary spermatocytes |
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Sertoli cells
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- secrete inhibin -> inhibit FSH
- secrete adrogen-binding protein (ABP) -> maitain levels of testosterone - tight jxn b/t adhacent sertoli cells from blood-testis barrier -> isolate gametes from autoimmune attack - Support and nourish developing SPERMATOZOA - Regulate SPERMATOGENESIS - produce ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE |
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Spermatogenesis
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Spermatogonium -> Spermatid
- Spermatogonium - Diploid 2N = cross tight jxn - primary speratocyte = 4n - 2ndary spermatocyte = 2N - Spermatid = haploid = N |
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Leydig cells
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- excrete testosterone
- Neg feedback = hypothalamus and anterior pituitary |
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DHT
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Early = differentiation of penis, scrotum, prostate
Late = prostate growth, balding, sebaceous gland activity |
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Testosterone and Androstenedione are converted to estrogen in?
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- Adipose Tissue and Sertoli cells
- by aromatase |
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Theca Cell
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- pulsatile GnRH
- LH - stimulate DESMOLASE - convert cholesterol->androstendione or progesterone |
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Granulosa cells
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- Pulsatile GnRH
- FSH - stimulate AROMATASE - androstenedione -> Estrogen |
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Progesterone
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source = corpus luteum, placenta, adrenal cortex, testes
- stimulation of endometrial glandular secretion & spiral artery development - maintenance of prego - dec myometrial excitability - Production of thick mucus = prevent prego - increase body temperature - inhibition of gonadotropins (LH, FSH) - uterine smooth muscle relaxation (preventing contractions) - dec estrogen receptor expressivity |
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Proliferative
secretory phase |
proliferative = follicular
secretory = luteal, constant 14 days |
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estrogen
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- stimulates endometrial proliferation
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oligomenorrhea
polymenorrhea metorrhagia menometorrhagia |
oligomenorrhea = > 35-day cycle
polymenorrhea = < 21-day cycle Metorrhagia = freq but irregular menstration Menometrorrhagia = heavy, irregular menstruation at irregular levels |
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mittelschmerz
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- blood from ruptured follicle causes peritoneal irritation
- mimic appendicitis |
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oogenesis
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oogonium (2N) - diploid
primary oocyte (4N) - diploid secondary oocyte (2N) - haploid ovum (N) - Haploid Meiosis I arrested in prophase until ovulation (primary oocytes) Meiosis II arrested in Metaphase until fertilization (2nd oocytes) |
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estriol
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pregnancy estrogen
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