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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is responsible for external gential differentiation? Internal?
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External- DHT
Internal- Anti Mullerian Hormone |
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Inguinal Hernia
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Incomplete closing of the inguinal canal allows viscera to slip through.
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Scrotal Muscle Action during cold
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Contraction of Cremaster and Tunica Dartos muscles.
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Testosterone Effects before birth
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1.)Testicular descent
2.) Masculinizes Reproductive tract and Genitals |
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Testosterone effects on reproduction
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1.) Growth and maturation of reproductive system at puberty
2.) Essential for Spermatogenesis 3.) Maintains reproductive tract through adulthood. 4.) Sex drive at puberty 5.) Controls GnRH |
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Testosterone effects secondary sexual characteristics
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1.) Induces pattern of hair or feather growth
2.) Thickens vocal cords 3.) Muscle growth 4.) Bone Growth at puberty then closure of epiphyseal plates 5.) Aggressive behavior |
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Hormonal Control of Spermatogenesis
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1.) Testosterone induces mitotic and meiotic division
2.) FSH induces remodeling of spermatids into motile spermatozoa |
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Negative Feedback of Testosterone
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1.) Inhibits GnRH in Hypothalamus
2.) Decreases reponse of AP LH cells to GnRH |
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Negative Feedback of Inhibin
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1.) Acts Directly on AP to inhibit FSH
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Effects of LH Surge
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1.) Prostaglandins to rupture follicle wall
2.) Differentiates follicular cells to luteal cells. |
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Tonic LH Effects
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Promotes follicular development
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LH
Stimulus? |
Estrogen on GnRH and LH secreting cells in AP.
Inhibition? |
Progesterone on GnRH
and low Estrogen. |
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Role of Progesterone in endometrium
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Vascularizes endometrium and stocks it with Glycogen.
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3 goals of uterine contraction at partuition
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1.) Dilation of cervix
2.) Birth 3.) Delivery of placenta |
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Why would an XX human develop testes?
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They have an extra 40kb of DNA which contains the SRY gene.
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What do Wolffian Ducts become?
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Seminiferous tubules, epididymus, vas deferens
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DHT is responsible for what during differentiation.
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Development of scrotum and penis.
Secondary sex characteristics. |
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Estradiol in the fetal brain controls what?
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Masculinization of hypothalamus by determining tonic/phasic control of LH.
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SF-1
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Orphan Transcription Factors
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What happens to the sensitivity of the hypothalamus to estrogen and testosterone during puberty
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Sensitivity to negative feedback decreases and more GnRH is released.
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What is Clearance?
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How much of a substance is excreted by the kidneys.
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