Reproduction Boards 2

Front 1

Distentin of unruptured graafian follicle. may be associated with hyperestrinism and endometrial hyperplasia

Back 1

Follicular Cyst

Front 2

Corpus luteum cyst

Back 2

Hemorrhage into persistent corpus luteum.
regresses spontaneously

Front 3

Theca-Lutein Cyst

Back 3

often bilateral and multiple
due to gonadotropin stimulation
Associated with Choriocarcinoma and moles

Front 4

chocolate cyst

Back 4

Blood containing cyst from ovarian endometriosos

Front 5

Dysgerminoma

Back 5

Malignant (equivilant to male seminoma)
*Sheets of uniform cells*
** look for hCG, LDH markers**

Front 6

Choriocarcinoma

Back 6

Rare but malignant
*large hyperchromatic syncytiotrophoblastic cells

Front 7

Yolk Sac (endodermal sinus) tumor

Back 7

Aggressive malignancy of ovaries
*looks like yellow friable mass*
*** look for high levels of AFP***

Front 8

Mature teratoma

Back 8

Dermoid cyst
**most frequent benign ovarian tumor**

Front 9

immature teratoma

Back 9

aggressively malignant

Front 10

struma ovarrii

Back 10

contains functional thyroid tissue
*presents as hyperthyroidism*

Front 11

Abruptio placenta

Back 11

Painful bleeding in 3rd trimester
Abrupt detachment/death
*assiociated with DIC, increased risk with smoking, HTN, cocaine*

Front 12

Placenta accreta

Back 12

decidual layer allows placenta to attach to myometrium. **no seperation of placenta after birth**

***massive bleeding after delivery***

Front 13

Ectopic pregnancy

Back 13

most often in fallopian tube,

Front 14

placenta previa

Back 14

attachment of placenta to lower uterine segment
*painless bleeding in any trimester*

Front 15

Dysplasia and carcinoma in situ

Back 15

begins at basal layer of squamo-columnar junction
*associated with HPV 16,18 can progress slowly to invasive carcinoma if not treated*

Front 16

Invasive carcinoma

Back 16

Squamous cell carcinoma
look for koilocytes

Front 17

Endometriosis

Back 17

Non - neoplastic
abnormal locations outside uterus
**cyclic bleeding **

Front 18

Adenomyosis

Back 18

Endometrium within the myometrium

Front 19

Endometrial hyperplasia

Back 19

endometrial gland proliferation from excess estrogen.
*manifests as postmenopausal vaginal bleeding.

Front 20

Endometrial carcinoma

Back 20

MOST COMMON GYNECOLOGIC MALIGNANCY
*55-65 years present with vaginal bleeding*

**prolonged use of estrogens without progestins**

Front 21

Liomyomata

Back 21

MOST COMMON OF ALL TUMOR
Just fibroids
*does not progress to leiomyosarcoma*

Front 22

Leiomyosarcoma

Back 22

Bulky irreg shaped tumor with central necrosis and hemorrhage
*may protrude from cervix and bleed, most common seed in middle aged women*

Front 23

Serous cystadenoma

Back 23

Bilateral ovarian tumor with fallopian tube like epithelium
*CA-125 is general ovarian cancer marker*

Front 24

Serous Cystadenocarcinoma

Back 24

Ovarian tumor, malignat and frequently bilateral
**risk factors BRCA-1, HNPCC**

Front 25

Mucinous cystadenoma

Back 25

Multilocular cyst lined by mucus secreting epithelium,
*benign*

Front 26

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

Back 26

Malignant, pseudomyxoma peritonei
*intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian tumor*

Front 27

Brenner Tumor

Back 27

Benign Looks like Bladder

Front 28

Meigs syndrome

Back 28

Triad of
Ovarian fibroma
Ascites
and hydrothorax
*pulling sensation in groin*

Front 29

Granulosa cell tumor

Back 29

Secretes Estrogen - precocious puberty in kids

Front 30

Krukenberg tumor

Back 30

GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries causing a mucin secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma

Front 31

Clear cell carcinoma

Back 31

affects women exposed to DES in utero

Front 32

Squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina

Back 32

2nd to cervical SCC

Front 33

Sarcoma botryoides

Back 33

Rhabdomyosarcoma variant (vaginal)
affects girls<4
Spindle shaped tumor cells that are desmin postive

Front 34

Bartholins gland cyst

Back 34

Rare
Pain in labia majora
can result from previous infection

Front 35

Small mobile firm mass with sharp edge in the breast
MOST COMMON TUMOR IN <25
**increase size and tenderness with increase estrogen**

Back 35

Fibroadenoma

Front 36

Intraductal papilloma (breast)

Back 36

Small tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts beneath areola
**serous or bloody nipple discharge**

Front 37

Phyllodes tumor (breast)

Back 37

Large bulky mass of connective tissue and cystes "leaf like"
most common in 60's

Front 38

What are the genes for malignant tumors

Back 38

erb-B2
HER-2
EGF

Front 39

Ductal Carcinoma in situ (breast)

Back 39

*Fills ductal lumen*
early malignancy without basement membrane penetration

Front 40

Invasive Ductal (Breast)

Back 40

Firm Rock hard mass
**worst and most invasive**
****MOST COMMON BREAST CANCER****

Front 41

invasive lobular (breast)

Back 41

Orderly row of cells
often multiple
bilateral

Front 42

Fleshy cellular, lymphatic infiltrate tumor
Good prognosis

Back 42

Medullary (breast)

Front 43

Comedocarcinoma (breast)

Back 43

Ductal, CASEOUS necrosis
*subtype of DCIS*

Front 44

Inflammatory (Breast)

Back 44

Dermal lymphatic invasion by breast carcinoma
Peau d'orange

Front 45

Pagets disease (breast)

Back 45

Eczematous patches on nipple
** suggest underlying carcinoma**

Front 46

Acute mastitis

Back 46

breast abcess during breast feeding
*s. aureus*

Front 47

Fat necrosis (Breast)

Back 47

result of injury to breast tissue (abuse)

Front 48

What is the nemonic for gynecomastia

Back 48

"some drugs cause awesome knockers"
**Spironolactone, digitalis, Cimetidine, Alcohol, Ketoconazole**

Front 49

What is the innervation for Male emission of sperm

Back 49

Sympathetic
Hypogastric nerve

Front 50

What is the innervation for the male ejaculation

Back 50

Visceral and SOMATIC nerves
Pudenda nerve

Front 51

What Do sertoli cells secret

Back 51

Inhibin which inhibits FSH
also secret androgen binding protein (ABP) to maintain levels of testosterone

***produce anti mullerian hormone***

Front 52

What do Leydig Cells do

Back 52

Secrete Testosterone

Front 53

What does the prostate contribute to the ejaculate

Back 53

***ZINC***
and fibrinolysin to activate the sperms