Reproduction 1

Front 1

produce gametes

Back 1

primary sex organs

Front 2

necessary for reproduction, but don't produce gametes

Back 2

secondary sex organs

Front 3

mesonephric duct

Back 3

male reproductive tract

Front 4

paramesonephric duct

Back 4

female reproductive tract

Front 5

causes development of testes that secrete testosterone -

Back 5

SRY gene

Front 6

all embryos have identical structure until

Back 6

6 weeks

Front 7

fetus beings to shows sexual differentiation

Back 7

week 9

Front 8

distinctly male or female

Back 8

week 12

Front 9

clitoris is homologous to

Back 9

penis

Front 10

prepuce

Back 10

foreskin

Front 11

pathway of spermatozoa

Back 11

tesis

efferent ductles

epididymis

ductus deferens

ejaculatry duct

urethra

Front 12

contains sperm duct, blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels

Back 12

spermatic cord

Front 13

pulls scrotum close to body

Back 13

cremaster muscle

Front 14

wrinkles scrotal sac

Back 14

dartos muscle

Front 15

pampiniform plexus

Back 15

vein network that helps control temperature of testes

Front 16

location in testes that produce sperm

Back 16

seminiferous tubles

Front 17

interstitial cells in testes produce

Back 17

androgens / testosterone

Front 18

prevents antibodies from attacking germ cells

Back 18

blood-testes barrier

Front 19

each seminiferous tubule is lined with spermatogentic cells in various developmental stages

Back 19

true

Front 20

provide nutrients to germ cells, waste removal, form blood-testes-barrier via tight junctions

Back 20

sustentacular cells

Front 21

process of making sperm

Back 21

spermatogenesis

Front 22

stems cells involved in spermatogenesis

Back 22

spermatogonia

Front 23

location of spermatogenesis

Back 23

seminiferous tubles

Front 24

spermatids differentiate into mature spermatozoa

Back 24

spermiogensis

Front 25

number of spermatids produced from one primary spermatocyte

Back 25

4

Front 26

spermatogonia divide by ______ producing

A.____

B. _____

Back 26

mitosis

A. spermatogonium remains outside BTB

B. becomces primary spermatocyte

Front 27

primary spermatocyte (n or 2n?) undergoes ____ producing secondary spermatocyte (n or 2n?)

Back 27

2n

meiosis I

n

Front 28

first cell type which moves inward through BTB

Back 28

primary spermatocyte

Front 29

secondary spermatocyte undergoes _____

producing _____ ______ (n or 2n?)

Back 29

meiosis II

4 spermatids (n)

Front 30

spermatid matures physically into a

Back 30

spermatozoan

Front 31

changes that occur when forming spermatozoa

Back 31

tail sprouts

excess cytoplasm discarded

Front 32

head of spermatozoa contins the ____ and ___

Back 32

nucleus

acrosome

Front 33

tail of sperm contains 3 parts

Back 33

midpiece (mitochondira)

principal piece (axoneme)

endpiece (narrow tip)

Front 34

testes produce physically mature spermatozoa that can not fertilize an oocyte (T/F)

Back 34

True

Front 35

other parts of reproductive system (outside testes) are responsible for (4)

Back 35

functional maturation

nourishment

storage

transport

Front 36

sperm are moved into the epididymis via ______ in the _____

Back 36

cilia in the efferent ductules

Front 37

functions of epidiymis

Back 37

facilitates functional maturation of sperm

monitors and adjust fluids

recycles damaged spermatozoa

Front 38

2 things needed for sperm to become motile

Back 38

energy source

optimal pH

Front 39

where to spermatozoa become capable of fertilization

Back 39

in the female reproductive tract

Front 40

clean out the urethra before ejaculation occurs

Back 40

bulbourethral glands

Front 41

seminal vesicles contribute _____ to semen

Back 41

fructose (sugar)

Front 42

prostate contributes ___ to semen

Back 42

buffer

Front 43

normal sperm count

Back 43

50-120 million/ml

<25 is associated with infertility

Front 44

2 stages of ejaculation

Back 44

emission

expulsion

Front 45

what is emission

Back 45

sperm propelled from epididymis through ducts via peristalsis into the urethra and glandular secretions are added

Front 46

what is expulsion

Back 46

muscular contractions

Front 47

targets sustenticular cells to promote spermatogensis and secrete ABP

Back 47

FSH

Front 48

causes secretion of testosterone and androgens by interstitial cells

Back 48

luetinizing hormone

Front 49

hormone produced by sustentacular cells that inhibits FSH

Back 49

inhibin

Front 50

function of androgen binding protein

Back 50

concentrates androgens for spermatids

raises testosterone levels in tubules

Front 51

functions of testosterone

Back 51

- stimulates development of secondary male sexual characteristics

-stimulates spermatogensis in seminiferous tubules

-moderate inhibition of pituitary and hypothalamus

Front 52

first few years of adolescence until the first menstrual period or first ejaculation

Back 52

puberty

Front 53

puberty in males involves a decrease in metabolic rate (T/F)

Back 53

increase in metabolic rate and increase in appetite

Front 54

reduced testosterone and inhibin decreases feedback inhibition on anterior pituitary - this is called

Back 54

male climacteric

Front 55

symptoms of male climaceric

Back 55

mood changes, hot flashes, and illusions of suffocation

Front 56

prostate starts to grow again at age 45 which sometimes leads to non cancerous enlargement of prostate or _____

Back 56

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Front 57

prostate cancer is often detected when it obstructs flow of urine (T/F)

Back 57

false - tends to occur on periphery and go unnoticed until they cause pain