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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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treatment for endometritis what cells are present |
gentamicin + clindamycin +/- ampicillin plasma cells and lymphocytes |
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risk factors for placental abruption risk factors for placenta accreta risk factors for placenta previa |
trauma, hypertension, cocaine, preeclampsia -prior c section, inflammation, placenta previa -multiparity, prior c section |
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what are some assc with polyhydramnios |
fetal malformations (EA, DA, anencephaly) maternal diabetes fetal anemia multiple gestations |
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uterus size in endometriosis vs adenomyosis what causes adenomyosis |
bigger in adenomyosis, normal in endometriosis hyperplasia of basalis layer of endometrium |
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gyno epidemiology |
endometrial > ovarian > cervical (US) world wide: cervical |
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how do you monitor ovarian cancer progression |
CA-125 |
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What benign ovarian tumor can present with hyperthyroidism |
struma ovarrii: mature cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst) that contains thyroid tissue |
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what is Meigs syndrome |
ovarian fibroma, ascites, hyrothorax (pleural effusion) -pulling sensation in groin |
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what is the most common ovarian tumor in women 20-30 years old |
mature cystic teratoma |
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what is a brenner tumor what do you see on H and E stain |
bladder epithelium coffee bean nuclei on H and E stain |
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what is an immature teratoma usually made of |
neuroectoderm immature/embryonic like neural tissue |
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Histology of granulosa cell tumor |
Call-Exner bodies (resemble primordial follicles |
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Histology of Yolk sac tumor other name |
Schiller duval bodies (resemble glomeruli) -endodermal sinus tumor |
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In which ovarian tumor would you see psammoma bodies |
serous cystadenocarcinoma |
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Dysgerminoma histo labs rare/common |
sheets of uniform fried egg cells -hCG, LDH rare: 1% of all ovarian tumors, 30% of germ cell tumors |
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gestational choriocarcinoma vs germ cell choriocarcinoma |
gestational responds to chemo but germ cell choriocarcinoma does NOT |
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Krukenberg tumor |
metastatic GI malignancy (diffuse type gastric) that mets to BOTH ovaries |
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what is pseudomyxoma peritonei |
massive amounts of mucus in peritoneum due to mucinous tumor of appendix, usually mets to ovary |
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what age is dygerminoma most common in |
adolescents |
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what tumors are frequently bilateral |
serous cystadenocarcinoma, serous cystadenoma |
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how does choriocarcinoma usually present |
hematogenously spreads to lung to shortness of breath, hemoptysis, abnormal b-hCG |
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what is the most common germ cll tumor in kids |
endodermal sinus (yolk sac) |
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histo of sertoli-leydig tumor |
reinke crystal |
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treatment for acute mastitis |
dicloxacillin |
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periductal mastitis -who gets it and why -clinically how does it present |
-smokers because of a relative vitamin A deficiency (undergoes squamous metaplasia and keratin blocks duct--> infection -subareolar mass with nipple retraction |
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mammary duct ectasia -who gets it -how does it present -biopsy |
-multiparous post menopausal women -green-brown nipple discharge -plasma cells on biopsy |
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fat necrosis -mammogram -biopsy |
-abnormal calcification -necrotic, fat giant cells |
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what drugs can cause gynecomastia |
Some dope drugs easily create awkward hairy DD knockers
spironolactone, marijuana, digitalis, estrogen, cimetidine, alcohol, heroin, dopamine D2 antagonists, ketoconazole |
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labs in prostate cancer
Gleason grading: based on |
increase PSA with decreased fraction of free PSA, increase PAP (prostatic acid phosphatase)
-based on architecture alone |
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labs in cryptorchidism |
decrease inhibin, increase FSH and LH, testosterone decreased in bilateral, normal in unilateral |
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lab for seminoma histo -how to treat |
increased placental ALP large cells in lobules with watery cytoplasm and fried egg appearance -radiosensitive |
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what is most common testicular tumor in boys under 3 |
endodermal sinus/yolk sac |
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Choriocarcinoma in males -how can it present |
-hemotogenous mets to lungs and brain (can present with hemorrhagic stroke) -can produce gynecomastia or hyperthyroidism (hCG is LH and TSH analog) |
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teratoma labs benign or malignant |
unlike in females, in males its usually malignant -increase hCG and/or AFP in 50% of cases |
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embryonal carcinoma pure labs mixed labs |
-pure is rare if pure: increase hCG and normal AFP mixed: increased hCG and AFP |
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leydig cell tumor histo in men vs boys color |
-reinke crystal gynecomastia in men, precocious puberty in boys -golden brown color |
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most common testicular cancer in older men |
testicular lymphoma |
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treatment of invasive lobular |
tamoxifen |
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histo of medullary breast CA assc with |
fleshy, cellular lymphocytic/plasma cell infiltrate -BRCA1 |
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invasive ductal -classic description of infiltration |
stellate |
