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63 Cards in this Set
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hydatidiform mole
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cystic swelling of chorionic villi + proliferation of chorionic epihtelium
"cluster of grapes" abnl large uterus elevated hCG |
tx: d&c + methotrexate
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Mittelschmerz
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crampy pelvic/ab pain + spotty vaginal bleeding due to peritoneal irritation after ovulation
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chronic endometritis
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endometrial plasma cells + ab pain + vaginal discharge
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fibroid leiomyoma of myometrium
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most common uterine tumor
submucosal/intramural/subserosal path: whorled pattern of muscle bundles, well-circumscribed |
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type I endometrial adenocarcinoma (endometrial adenoca)
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most common GYN malignancy
due to prolonged E exposure sx: vaginal bleeding |
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condyloma acuminatum
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warty growth of cervix due to HPV 6 or 11
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cervical intraepithelia neoplasm (carcinoma in situ)
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caused by HPV strains 16, 18, 31, 33, 35 + carcinogens
screened w/ PAP smear @ squamocolumnar jx koilocytosis |
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squamous carcinoma of cervix
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invasion to bladder/ureter --> renal failure = MCC cause of death
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vulvar squamous cell carcinoma
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exophytic outgrowing masses
sx: pruritis stage I < 2cm, stage II > 2cm |
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vulvar intreaepithelial neoplasia
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associated w/ HPV 16
path: pigmented plaques invades locally precursore to vulvar squamous cell carcinoma |
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acute salpingitis (pyosalpix)
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obstructive pus abscess in oviduct
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chronic salpingitis (hydrosalpinx)
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obstructive serous abscess in ovideuct
thin-walled, dilated |
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follicle cyst of ovary
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thin walled fluid cavities lined by granulosa/theca cells --> producing E
= unprotected Graffian follicles |
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CL cyst
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cyst filled w/ blood w/ yellow wall
self-limited |
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Krukenburg tumor
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met from GI into ovary
path: signet rings - cells filled w/ mucin that nucleus displaces |
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ovarian epithelial tumor
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non-specific sx: ab pain, fullness
when penetrates ovarian capsule --> transcoelomic pattern of spread = seeds peritoneal cavity onto outside of organs due to repeated injury of ovarian cortex (increased risk in nulliparous) associated w/ BRCA1, 2 CA-125 tumor marker |
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malignant serous cystadenocarcinoma
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most common ovarian ca
bilateral papillary thickenings |
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mucinous ovarian turmor
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HUGE tumor of ovary
unilateral |
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pseudomyxoma peritonei
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mucin producing adenocarcinoma of appendix --> will show as bilateral mucus tumor
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Brenner tumor
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mimics transitional epithelium of bladder
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urethritis (chlamydia)
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thin white urethral discharge
seen in high SES white students |
tx: doxy + azithromycin
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granulosa cell tumor (ovarian sex cord tumor)
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path: Call-Exner bodies = resemble immature follicles filled w/ pink material
produces E |
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urethritis (gonorrhea)
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yellow discharge from low SES non-white
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tx: ceftriaxone + doxy/azithro
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ovarian fibroma (ovarian sex cord tumor)
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benign, hormonally inactive ovarian sex cord tumor
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trichomonas vaginitis
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itchy, yellow, malodorous
strawberry cervix |
tx: metronidazole
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Meig's
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ovarian fibroma + ascites + hydrothorax
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bacterial vaginosis (Gardnerella)
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white malodorous discharge
no WBCs, erythema clue cells rupturing of membranes, endometritis |
tx: metronidiazole
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mature cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst) (ovarian germ cell tumor)
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most common germ cell tumor
contains shit from all 3 germ layers (hair, teeth, muscle, brain) "momodermal" just one type of tissue |
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vulvo-vaginal candidiasis
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curdlike adherent material w/ red base
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tx: topical azole
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dysgerminioma (ovarian germ cell tumor)
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equivalent to male seminoma
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genital herpes (HSV2)
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vesicular blisters on red base
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tx: acyclovir reduces severity/recurrences but cannot cure
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yolk-sac tumor (ovarian germ cell tumor)
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malignant
path: Schiller-Duval bodies (glomerulus like primitive cells) |
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venereal warts
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outward growth pattern
hpv 6, 11 no link to cervical ca |
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fibroadenoma (benign)
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small, rubbery, mobile, well-circumscribed breast tumor
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molluscum contagiosum (poxvirus)
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umbilicated papules
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phyllodes tumor (benign)
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LARGE breast fibroadenoma
can become malignant |
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scabies (itch mite)
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bites/eggs
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tx: permethrin cream (insect repellent) + ivernectin (anti-parasitic)
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intraductal papilloma (benign)
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tumor growing in lactiferous ducts --> bloody nipple discharge
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syphilis (treponema pallidum)
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single painless sore w/ indurated edges
clean base, painless adenopathy no pus |
dx: RPR, FTA
tx: benzathine penicillin G (thick oil pen G slow release) |
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invasive ductal carcinoma (malignant)
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most common form of breast ca
= rock hard w/ sharp margins |
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chancroid (H. ducreyi)
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multiple pain ful sores w/ necrotic base
painful adenopathy purulent soft edges |
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medullary breast ca (malignant)
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path: fleshy, cellular, lymphocytic infiltrate
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crabs
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intense itching
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tx: permethrin, pyrethrin, shampoo
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Paget's disease of nipple (malignant)
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invasion of epidermis of nipple --> crusty nips
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enfuvirtide
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HIV gp41 fusion inhibitor
given SQ 2x/d |
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inflammatory carcinoma of breast (malignant)
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orange peel appearance of breast from lymphedema
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lamuvidine
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lack 3'OH for chain termination = nucleoside RT inhibitor
inhibits DNA pol less avidly |
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granulomatous prostatitis
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after topical BCG tx (attenuated mycobacteria to stimulate inflammation to kill off bladder ca)
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efavirenz
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non-nucleoside RT inhibitor
CNS side efx --> sleepiness |
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prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN)
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histologic precursor to prostatic ca
proliferation of dysplastic secretory cells often found next to invasive prostate ca |
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tenofovir
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nucleotide RT inhibitor
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seminoma
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most common testicular ca
progressive enlargement of painless scrotal mass path: polygonal cells w/ clear cytoplasm (fried-egg) excellent cure rate since most found @ low stage lymphocytic infiltration counterpart to dysgerminoma in ovary |
tx: orchiectomy w/ radio tx
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raltegravir
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inhibits integrase
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embryonal carcinoma (nonseminoma of testicular germ cell)
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resembles cells in preimplantation stage embryos
cells grow in tubules/diffus sheets smaller and more aggressive than seminoma - PAINFUL |
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lopinavir-ritonavir
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protease inhibitors
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choriocarcinoma
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nonseminoma of testicular germ cell that commonly mets to lung/liver/brain
hemorrhage/necrosis common |
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teratocarcinoma
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most common nonseminoma
+AFP = yolk sac carcinoma present + hCG = choriocarcioma present |
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Leydig cell tumor
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path: reinke crystals
actively secreting androgens |
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Bowen's disease
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gray plaque on shaft of penis
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erythroplasia of queyrate
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red velvety plaques on glans of penis
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simple fibrocystic change of breast
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most common breast disorder
blue domed cysts linked to caffeine |
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invasive lobular carcinoma (malignant)
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single file cells in rings around breast ducts
increased bilateral risk |
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PCOS
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hirsuitism + obesity + anovulation + amenorrhea
hyperandrogenism increase risk of endometrial ca elevated LH, T |
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