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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of genome does the influenza virus have? Nucelocapsid?
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- segemented RNA with a hical nucleocapsid in a membrane envelope containing 2 glycoproteins
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How many subtypes of hemagglutinin are there in the influenza virus? Neuraminidase?
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Hemagglutinin: binds to host cells, and four subtypes (H1, H2, H3, H5)
Neuraminidase: cleaves budding viruses; two subtypes (N1, N2) |
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Define ANTIGENETIC SHIFT
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Antigenic shift: major changes due to reassortment of genomes among different strains, including animals.
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Define ANTIGENETIC DRIFT
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Antigenic drift: subtle changes in the H and N antigens resulting from mutation
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Describe 3 types of complications resulting from influenza infection.
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Bacterial pneumonia (2ndary infections)
Myosistis: muscle inflammation Reye's Syndrome: encephalitis, increased risk c/ Aspirin |
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What type of vaccine is used to immunize against influenza?
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Formalin inactivated virus from embryonated eggs
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Which virus causes nearly 50% of common colds?
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Rhinoviruses
-+ strand RNA with Icoshaedral capsid |
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How is the common cold virus transmitted?
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Respiratory droplets
Enters nose, mouth or eyes c/ 500-1000 infectious virions/mL |
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What are some other viruses that can cause colds?
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Coxsackieviruses
Echoviruses Adenoviruses Myxoviruses Coronaviruses |
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What does SARS stand for?
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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
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What type of virus causes SARS?
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Coronavirus
+ strand RNA c/ irregular shaped capsid in membrane enveloped with glycoprotiens |
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What type of virus causes bronchitis? Bronchiolitis?
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Bronchitis: parainfluenza virus
RNA virus, helical capsid, envelop Bronchiolitis: Paramyxovirus/Respiratory syncytial virus |
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What is the reservoir for hantavirus?
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deer mice and other rodents
(arbovirus) |
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How is the hantavirus transmitted?
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Contact c/ aerosolized rodent urine
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What is the disease of the hantavirus?
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lung failure; capillaries leaked-filling air space
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