Renee's Flash Cards For Micro

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Prokaryote Vs Eukaryote

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Prokaryote – microscopic, unicellular organisms, lack nuclei and membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryote – unicellular (microscopic) and multicellular, nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

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Virus

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Viruses : Acellular, parasitic, particles composed of a nucleic acid and protein

ENVELOPE optional

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Bacteria

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Prokaryotes
Peptidoglycan cell walls
Binary fission For energy, use organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, or photosynthesis

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Back 4

Prokaryotic

Lack Peptidoglycan

Live in extreme temperatures and environments

Examples : Methanogens, Extreme Halophiles (love salt), Thermophiles ( love heat).

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Three Domains of Life

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Bacteria - true bacteria
Archaea - odd bacteria that live in extreme environments, high salt, heat, etc.
Eukarya - have a nucleus and organelles

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Parasites

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live on or in the body of another organism called the host and it damages the host

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Pathogens

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Harmful Microbes :

Hep B, Measles, Malaria, Tuberculosis, Dysentery, Aids, Pneumonia, Influenza, Tetanus

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6 types of Microbes

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Bacteria

Fungi

Algae

Virus

Protozoa

Helminths

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Algae

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Eukaryotes
Cellulose cell walls
Use photosynthesis for energy
Produce molecular oxygen and organic compounds

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Fungi

Mycelia

My=molds/fungus

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Eukaryotes

Absorbers of nutrition

Chitin cell walls (Lobster tail)
Use organic chemicals for energy.
Molds and mushrooms are multicellular consisting of masses of mycelia, which are composed of filaments called hyphae.
Yeasts are unicellular.

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Protozoa

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Eukaryotic

Ingest organic chemicals

May be motile via pseudopods, cilia and flagella

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Helminths

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Eukaryotes

Multicellular animal parasites

Flatworm /Roundworm

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theory

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Best ideas backed with facts and findings

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Anton Von Leeuwenhoek

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First to see live Microbes using a hand made simple microscope

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Robert Hooke

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English Scientist

Microbiologist

Discovered cell

Hooks Law

COMPOUND MICROSCOPE

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Francisco Redi

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Tried to prove Spontaneous Generation (no parents)

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Rudolf Virchow

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"All things alive have cells"

"Parent cells"

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Louis Pasteur

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Disproved Spontaneous Generation

Created first S-Shaped Flask

Pasteurization and Fermentation

Patented Beer Equipmentioned

Vaccine for Rabies Virus

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Joseph Lister

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First to use Antiseptic in Surgery

Rubber Gloves

Repaired knee caps with wire

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Robert Koch

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Discovered first solid proof for Germ Theory (bacteria causes disease)

ANTHRAX / TUBERCULOSIS

Koch's Postulates

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Jonas Salk

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Polio vaccine

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Flemming

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Penicillin

Pneumonia Syphilis

Mold that eats bacteria

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Jenner

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First Vaccine Smallpox

Developed from cow pox

Cow = Vacca ...... Vaccine

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Paul Ehrlich

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MAGIC BULLETS

Toxin that only attacks bad guy .....606 Arsenic

Beginning of chemotherapeutic treatment

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Elie Metchnikoff

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Discovered role of WBC

* Fighting infection

*immune response PhagocytocIs

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Selman Waksman

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Streptomycin

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Avery, Macload and McCarty

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DNA Genes

Strep transforming factor

Gene Capsule

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Watson and Crick

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Structure of DNA

Double Helix

(Rosslyn Franklin crystallized DNA )

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Nathans, Smith and Arber

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"Cut and Snip" DNA with "Sticky ends"

First in Genetic Engineering

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Linnaeus

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"BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE "

System of scientific nomenclature

Genus and Specific Epithet (Species)

Later on known as Taxonomy or group classification

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Rebecca Lancefield

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LANCEFIELD SYSTEM

Identified over 50 types of Bacteria

Immunity to Affliction

* Streptococci