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9 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Define Azotemia.
What % of renal disfunction causes this? |
increased BUN +/- CREATININE
75% of renal function is lost before BUN and CREATININE increase |
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What is prerenal azotemia?
What are causes of prerenal azotemia? |
Prerenal: normal specific gravity
CZS: Increased PROTEIN CATABOLISM d/t FUNCHIPS - Fever, Urea, Necrosis, Corticosteroids, Infxn, Prolonged exercise, Starvation OR Decreased RENAL PERFUSION d/t dehydration, shock, cardiac dz |
FUNCHIPS
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DDX for impaired urine concentrating ability (#8)
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Diabetes insipidus, hyperadrenocort, hyperthyroid, hyperCa++, hypoK+, psychogenic PD, hepatic failure, pyometra
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What is a normal UP:C ratio?
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Creatinine is constantly excreted, so UPC helps you evaluate protein loss. Normal <0.5 (>1.0 is a problem!)
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Causes of proteinuria
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Strenuous exercise, extreme heat/cold, stress, fever; overload (Ig, Mgb, Hgb);
+ leuks = inflammation, + rbcs = hemorrhage, + inc casts = tubular/glomerular damage |
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Bilirubinuria in dogs?
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Dogs have a low renal threshold for BILI so if their urine is mod-mkd concentrated they can show trace to 1+ Bili (normally).
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What would cause a positive result in the blood or Hgb strip on a U/A dipstick?
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RBCs: hemorrhage or UTI
Hgb: intravascular hemolysis, UTI Mgb: muscle necrosis |
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What is the significance of hyperphosphatemia when seen w/ azotemia?
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hyperphosphatemia is caused by decreased glomerular clearance (it's common to see in renal failure).
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What's the significance of GGT in the urine?
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it indicates injury to tubular epithelial cells. Main use is to predict aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity.
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