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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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MOA Mannitol
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Osmotic diuretic
increase tubular fluid osmolarity, increasing urine flow |
pg 435
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Clinical use of Mannitol
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Shock
Drug overdose Decrease ICP |
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Mannitol toxicity
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Pulmonary edema
Dehydration |
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Mannitol CI's
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Anuria
CHF |
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MOA Acetazolamide
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Causes NaHCO3 diuresis, reducing total body HCO3 stores |
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Clinical use Acetazolamide
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Altitude sickness
Metabolic alkalosis Urinary alkalization Glaucoma |
A. M.U.G.
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Acetazolamide toxicity
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Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
Neuropathy NH3 toxicity Sulfa allergy |
ACIDazolamide causes ACIDosis
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MOA Furosemide
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Sulfonamide loop diuretic
Inhibits Na, K, Cl, of thick ascending limb of loop of Henle. Abolishes hypertonicity of medulla, preventing concentration of urine. |
Loops Lose Calcium
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What is the tonicity of the thick ascending limb?
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Hypertonic
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What does acetazolamide do to the tonicity of the thick ascending limb?
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Abolishes hypertonicity of medulla
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Name the diuretic that increases Ca2+ excretion.
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Furosemide
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Furosemide toxicity
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Ototoxicity
HypoK Dehydration Allergy (sulfa) Nephritis Gout |
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MOA Ethacrynic acid
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Phenoxyacetic acid derivative
(NOT a sulfonamide) Inhibits Na, K, Cl |
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Furosemide clinical use
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Edematous states: CHF, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome, pulmonay edema
Acute renal failure |
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Ethacrynic acid clinical use
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Diuresis in pts allergic to sulfa drugs
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Name the diuretic used in pts with sulfa allergy
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Ethacrynic
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Ethacrynic toxicity
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Ototoxicity
Hypotension Dehydration a Nephritis Gout |
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Name the diuretic used in acute gout
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Ethacrynic acid
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MOA HCTZ
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Thiazide diuretic.
Inhibit NaCl reabsorption in early distal tubule |
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Name the diuretic that reduce the diluting capacity of the nephron
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HCTZ
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HCTZ Clinical ue
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HTN
CHF Idiopathic hypercalciluria Nephrogenic diabeties insipiduss |
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HCTZ Toxicity
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Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis
Hyponatremia Hyperglycemia Hyperlipidemia Hyperuricemia Hypercalcemia |
HyperGLUC
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NAme the diuretics that can cause sulfa allergy
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Acetazolamide
Furosemide HCTZ |
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Name the K sparing diuretics
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Spironolactone
Eplerenone Amiloride Triamterene |
S.E.A.T
pg 436 |
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MOA Spironolactone
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Competitive aldosterone receptor antagonist in the cortical collecting tubule
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MOA Triamterene and Amiloride
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Block Na+ channels in the CCT
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K+ sparing diuretics clinical use
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Hyperaldosteronism
K+ depletion CHF |
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NAme the treatment for Hyperaldosteronism
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K+ sparing diuretics
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K+ sparing diuretics toxicity
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Hyperkalemia
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Spironolactone toxicity
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Gynecomastia
Antiandrogen effects Endocrine effects Hyperkalemia |
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NAme the ACE inhibitors
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Captopril
Enalapril Lisinopril |
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MOA ACEI
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Inhibit ACE
Prevent inactivation of bradykinin Increase renin release |
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Clincal use ACEI
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HTN
CHF Diabetic renal disease |
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ACEI toxicity
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Cough
Angioedema Proteinuria Taste changes hypOtension Pregnancy problems (fetal renal damage) Rash Increased renin Lower angiotensin II Hyperkalemia |
C.A.P.T.O.P.R.I.L
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Name the diuretic CI in b/l renal artery stenosis
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ACEI
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MOA Larsatan
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Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
Does not cause cough |
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