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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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renal papillary adenoma
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benign epithelial tumor
small; from renal tubule; fronds project into cystic space; looks like low grade RCC (trisomy 7 and 17); if tumor >3 cm, can metastasize; usually found at autopsy |
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Angiomyolipoma
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benign usually; mix of blood vessels, smooth muscle, and fat; can be large and multiple; 20% assoc with TS
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oncocytoma
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from intercalated cells of CD; 3-5% of kidney tumors in adults; median age 62 yrs; usually loss of chromosomes 1 and Y or rearrangements of 11; NO abnormalities in Chrom 3. mahogany brown with central scar; abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm with a lot of mito
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RCC
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most common malignant tumor; 3% of all and 90% of kidney; males 3:1; Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome or polycystic kidney disease or acquired cystic disease; painless hematuria; endocrine syndromes; renal vein invasion is bad prognosis; lung mets (>50%), bones (33%), and other kidney (10-15%)
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Conventional Clear cell RCC
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main type; men; rare in young adults; yellow/hemorrhagic cut surface grossly with areas of necrosis; micro: clear and granular cells, etc. both FAT and GLYCOGEN
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papillary type RCC (10-15%)
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from PT; psammoma bodies and stromal foam cells; edematous papillae; polysomy often of 7, 17, and 16 seen on FISH; loss of Y chromosome common
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Chromophobe type (5% of RCC)
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typical type or eosinophilic type; perinuclear haloes; tendency to form tubules; cytoplasm stains blue with Hale's; microvesicles; from epithelium of DT; del of chrom 1 or Y; least aggressive; may have sarcomatoid component
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sarcomatoid RCC
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whitish appearance; poor prognosis and require chemo;
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Wilm's tumor (nephroblastoma)
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most common renal malignancy of early childhood (2-4); palplable flank mass; from primitive metanephric tissue; triphasic (blastema, epithelium, stroma); deletion of short arm of 11-- WT1 and 2; has certain associations...
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WAGR complex
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WT; aniridia; GU malformations; motor-mental retardation
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Denys-Drash syndrome
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abnormalities in WT1 gene; intersexual disorders; nephropathy; WT
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Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
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hemihypertrophy; macroglossia; organomegaly; hypoglycemia; embryonal tumors
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tx of wilm's tumor
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combined surgery, radiotherapy, chemo; 80-90% long term survival; response to therapy even after mets detected
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transitional cell neoplasms
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most common tumor; hematuria painless; papillary neoplasms; grades 1-3 or 1-4 if considered low grade papillary carcinomas
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transitional cell carcinomas of the pelvis
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5-10% of primary renal tumors; painless hematuria; aniline dyes; long delay; analgesic nephropathy; "field effect"
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bladder carcinomas
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assoc w/ schistosome haematobium-SCC; assoc with B naph, 4 aminobiphenyl, or nitrobiphenyl-- TCC; mean exposure = 23 yrs; nitrates and artificial sweeteners--TCC; also abnormal W metabolites or tobacco--TCC
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SCC
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common in Egypt or other areas of ME where schistosomiasis is endemic; invastion of bladder wall, so worse prognosis than TCC
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TCC in situ
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non-papillary; implies full thickness malignant changes confined to flat urothelium; subsequent development of invasive carcinoma in 33%; majority of invasive arise from flat lesions; frequently multifocal; radical cystectomy is usual tx b/c of aggressiveness.
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carcinoma of the penis
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SCC; rare in circumcised men; increased incidence in far east, africa, and central america; predisposed by poor hygeine, venereal disease, or HPV types 16, 18, 31, and 33
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