Renal Lytes And Labs

Front 1

K+ normal values

Back 1

3.5-5.0 mEq/L
3.5-5.0 mmol

critical levels <2.5 or >6.5

Front 2

Hypokalemia S&S

Back 2

weakness, fatigue, anorexia, abdominal distension. cardiac arrhythmias (too much lasix) tachycardia, hypotension, flacid muscles, flat t waves, u waves. (CNS depression) ventricular irritability

Front 3

Hyperkalemia S&S

Back 3

cardiac arrhymias, anxiety, increased bowel sounds, abdominal cramps (renal failure) bradycardia, tall-peaked t waves, tremors twitching (CNS stimulation)

Front 4

Food sources of K+

Back 4

Apricots,Avocado Banana meat, dairy, dried fruit, Cantaloupe raisins, broccoli, Honeydew Kiwi Lima beans Milk Oranges and orange juice Potatoes Prunes Spinach Tomatoes Vegetable juice

Front 5

Low potassium diet

Back 5

Bread, eggs, celery, apples, berries, grapefruit, peaches, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, celery, onion, squash

Front 6

Na+ normal values

Back 6

136-145 mEq
136-145 mmol
critical levels
<120 or >160

Front 7

Hyponatremia S&S

Back 7

fatigue, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, weakness, hypotension, cool clammy skin
Cardiac:
dec. CO, dec. contractility

Front 8

Hypernatremia S&S

Back 8

thirst, dry sticky mucous membranes, dry tongue and skin, increased temp

Front 9

High sodium foods

Back 9

beets celery oysters prepared food tomato juice

Front 10

Ca++ normal values

Back 10

9-11 mg/dL, 2.05-2.54 mmol/L
Critical levels:
>12, <7

Front 11

Magnesium lab values

Back 11

1.3-2.1 mg/dL
critical levels
<1, >5

Front 12

Hypomagmesemia S&S

Back 12

CNS stimulation, irritability, increased reflexes, ventricular irritability

Front 13

Hypermagmesemia S&S

Back 13

CNS depression, hypo reflexes, brady, hypotension

Front 14

Phosphorus PO4 lab values

Back 14

2.5-4.5 mEq/dL

Critical levels
<1

Front 15

Hyperphosphatemia S&S

Back 15

none

Front 16

Hypophosphatemia S&S

Back 16

trouble breathing or respiratory problems, confusion, irritability, or coma

Front 17

BUN (Blood urea Nitrogen)

Back 17

10-20 mmg/dL
Critical levels
>40 not dehydrated/no Hx of renal disease
>100 w/ Hx or renal disease
>20 increase in 24 hrs= Acute renal failure

Front 18

Cr (Serum Creatinine)

Back 18

0.5-1.2

Front 19

Kussmaul respirations

Back 19

fast, deep. compensation for metabolic acidosis

Front 20

vitamin D activation in renal failure

Back 20

hormone produced by kidney activated vitamin D