Renal Function

Front 1

The type of nephron responsible for renal concentration is the:

Back 1

Juxtaglomerular

Front 2

The function of the peritubular capillaries is:

Back 2

Reabsorption & Secretion

Front 3

Blood flows through the nephron/kidneys in the following order:

Back 3

1. Afferent arteriole

2. Peritubular capillaries

3. Vasa recta

4. Efferent arteriole

Front 4

Filtration of protein is prevented in the glomerulus by:

Back 4

The glomerular filtration barrier

Front 5

The renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system is responsible:

Back 5

1. Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

2. Reabsorbing sodium

3. Releasing aldosterone

Front 6

The primary chemical affected by the renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system is:

Back 6

Sodium

Front 7

Secretion of renin is stimulated by:

Back 7

Macula densa cells

Front 8

The hormone aldosterone is responsible for:

Back 8

Sodium retention

Front 9

The fluid leaving the glomerulus has a specific gravity of:

Back 9

1.010

Front 10

For active transport to occur, a chemical:

Back 10

Must combine with a carrier protein to create electrochemical energy

Front 11

Which of the tubules is impermeable to water?

Back 11

Ascending loop of Henle

Front 12

Glucose will appear in the urine when the:

Back 12

1. Blood level of glucose is 200 mg/dL

2. Tm for glucose is reached

3. Renal threshold for glucose is exceeded

Front 13

Concentration of the tubular filtrate by the countercurrent mechanism depends on:

Back 13

1. High salt concentration in the medulla

2. Water - impermeable walls of the ascending loop of Henle

3. Reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the Ascending loop of Henle

Front 14

ADH regulates the final urine concentrations by controlling:

Back 14

Tubular permability

Front 15

Decreased production of ADH:

Back 15

Produces a high urine volume

Front 16

Bicarbonate ions filtered by the glomerulus are returned to the blood:

Back 16

Combined with hydrogen ions

Front 17

If ammonia is not produced by the distal convoluted tubule, the urine pH will be:

Back 17

Basic

Front 18

The largest source of error in creatinine clearance tests is:

Back 18

Improperly timed urine specimens

Front 19

Clearance tests used to determine the glomerular filtration rate must measure substances that are

Back 19

Neither reabsorbed or secreted by the tubules

Front 20

Performing a clearance test using radionucleotides:

Back 20

1. Eliminates the need to collect urine

2. Provides visualization of the filtration

Front 21

Variable that are included in the MDRD - IDSM estimated creatinine clearance calculations include all of the following:

Back 21

Serum Creatinine

Age

Gender

Front 22

An advantage to using cystatin C to monitor GFR is that:

Back 22

It is not secreted by the tubules

Front 23

Solute dissolved in solvent will:

Back 23

Lower the freezing point

Front 24

Substances that may interfere with freezing point measurement of urine and serum osmolarity include:

Back 24

Ethanol

Lactic Acid

Lipids

Front 25

Clinical osmometers use NaCl as a reference solution because

Back 25

NaCl is partially ionized similar to the composition of urine

Front 26

The normal serum osmolarity is

Back 26

275 to 300 mOsm

Front 27

After controlled fluid intake, the urine to serum osmolarity ratio should be atleast

Back 27

1:1

Front 28

To provide an accurate measure of renal blood flow, a test substance should be completely:

Back 28

Cleared on each contact with functional renal tissue

Front 29

Renal tubular acidosis can be caused by the

Back 29

inability to produce an acidic urine due to impaired production of ammonia

Front 30

Test performed to detect renal tubular acidosis after administering an ammonium chloride load include all of the following except:

Back 30

Arterial pH

Front 31

Function of the Kidney

Back 31

Produces Urine

Front 32

Function of the Ureter

Back 32

Transports urine to the urinary bladder

Front 33

Function of the Urinary bladder

Back 33

Temporarily stores urine prior to elimination

Front 34

Function of the Urethra

Back 34

Conducts urine to exterior; in males transports semen as well

Front 35

How is blood supplied to the kidneys?

Back 35

Via the renal arteries which are branches of the abdominal aorta

Front 36

How is blood drained from the kidneys?

Back 36

Via renal veins which are branches of the inferior vena cava

Front 37

What is the renal functions?

Back 37

1. Renal blood flow

2. Glomerular filtration

3. Tubular reabsorption

4. Tubular Secretion

Front 38

Where is the Glomerulus located?

Back 38

Bowman's Capsule

Front 39

What is the factors of filtration?

Back 39

1. Cellular Structure

2. Hydrostatic and oncotic pressure

3. Renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system

Front 40

What are the three cellular layer of kidney?

Back 40

1. Capillary wall

2. Basement membrane

3. Bowman's capsule inner layer

Front 41

How much percent of Albumin is in our urine?

Back 41

60%

Front 42

Water reabsorption occurs throughout the nephron except?

Back 42

Ascending loop of Henle

Front 43

What does renal function tests evaluate?

Back 43

1. Glomerular filtration

2. Tubular reabsorption

3. Tubular Secretion

4. Renal blood flow

Front 44

Why would creatine values decrease?

Back 44

Dehydration

COPH & CHF - impairment of blood supply

Glomertitis

Nephrotoxic