Renal Boards

Front 1

course of the ureter

Back 1

anterior to external iliac, posterior to the uterine artery (in women)

Front 2

degraded tetracycline

Back 2

associated with fanconi syndrome (proximal tubule reabsorption dysfunction that causes tubular dysfunction)

Front 3

antihypertensive of choice in diabetes

Back 3

ACE inhibitors

Front 4

location of JGA

Back 4

afferent arteriole

Front 5

paradoxical aciduria

Back 5

acidic urine in the presence of metabolic alkalosis - primarily due to hypokalemia in the presence of volume contraction

Front 6

medication contraindicated in patients with renal artery stenosis

Back 6

ACE inhibitors

Front 7

amphetamine excretion in urine

Back 7

amphetamine is a weak base so you want to acidify the urine to put it in its ionized form, use ammonium chloride

Front 8

urachal cyst or sinus

Back 8

remnant of the allantois that continues to drain urine from the bladder into the abdominal wall; allaNtois gives rise to the mediaN umbilical ligament

Front 9

mechanism of furosamide induced calcium excretion

Back 9

normally K+, Na+, 2Cl- in; Na+ out and K+ in via basolateral Na/K ATPase; K+ out via BL and apical K+ channels; Na+/K+ transports three Na out and 2 K in, results in net cation out --> makes inside of cell negative relative to the tubular lumen; inhibiting this transporter therefore ablates this positive tubular charge gradient and decreases driving force of Ca back into the cells

Front 10

ace inhibitors with K-sparing diuretics

Back 10

dangerous levels of hyperkalemia secondary to the inhibition of aldosterone

Front 11

effect of ANII on renal arterioles

Back 11

at low concentrations preferentially contricts efferents, at high concentrations (as in hemorrhage) constricts both afferents and efferents and decreases GFR

Front 12

bence jones proteins

Back 12

kappa light chains

Front 13

Arginine vasopressin

Back 13

ADH (another name)

Front 14

digoxin toxicity

Back 14

severe bradycardia in a patient with complete heart block, increase in furoemide would increase K+ secretion in nephron, causing hypokalemia, which potentiates the effects of digoxin

Front 15

interaction between furosemide and digoxin

Back 15

furosemide --> hypokalemia which potentiates the effects of digoxin