Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Name three antibiotics (renal antiseptics) that work especially well in treating urinary tract infections.
|
Nalidixic acid
Nitrofurantoin Methenamine |
|
|
Name three antibiotics of special interest for urinary tract infections (excluding renal antiseptics)
|
TMP/SMX, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin
|
|
|
Why do renal antiseptics work so well in treating UTIs?
|
They are concentrated in the renal tubules, and the effective doses are not achieved in plasma.
|
|
|
What is the mechanism of action of nalidixic acid?
|
Inhibits DNA gyrase (topo-II & IV)
|
|
|
Which renal antiseptic causes tendon rupture and photosensitivity?
|
Nalidixic acid
|
|
|
What is the mechanism of action of nitrofurantoin?
|
It gets reduced by bacteria to highly reactive intermediates that damages DNA
|
|
|
What is the mechanism of action of methenamine?
|
Decomposes to formaldehyde and ammonia in acidic environments (urine).
|
|
|
Which renal antiseptic works best for lower UTIs?
|
Methenamine
|
|
|
Methenamine is effective against nearly all bacteria except ________.
|
Urease producers (i.e. Proteus)
|
|
|
Which class of antibiotics is notorious for being both nephrotoxic and ototoxic?
|
Aminoglycosides
|
|
|
Which drugs are contraindicated in the treatment of UTIs during pregnancy?
|
Tetracyclines, TMP/SMX
|
|
|
Empirical treatment of urinary tract infections typically involves which antibiotics?
|
Ciprofloxacin, TMP/SMX, nitrofurantoin
|
