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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what does renaissance mean? |
"rebirth" |
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what period did the renaissance last? |
1300s-1500s |
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define humanism |
- an approach to philosophy and education that focuses on the achievements of the individual, human reason, human life and experiences on earth, classical achievements and subjects (greeks and romans) |
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what was the new and popular way of painting during this era? |
perspective painting |
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define perspective painting; |
the artistic technique of drawing distant objects smaller than closer objects in order to create more realistic, three dimensional art |
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explain the differences between Europe during the dark ages and during the renaissance: |
Medieval Europe: - study was based on Christianity - education was concerned with life after death Renaissance: - study was based on Greek and Roman teachings - Secular subjects: grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry |
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where did the renaissance start? |
in the cities of italy
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why did the renaissance start in italy? |
- italian cities were a center of trade and commerce, leading to the rise of a wealthy class of merchants |
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who was Cosimo de Medici? |
- organized banking business of Florence - took control of other industries and eventually the city - he and his family were great supporters of the arts |
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who was Lorenzo de Medici? |
- a patron of the arts - hired poets, philosophers, artists, and sculptors to create things for his household and family |
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define the word 'patron' |
a financial supporter of the arts |
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define the word 'secular':
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to be separate from the church, none-Christian thoughts |
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Leonardo da Vinci: |
- Da Vinci was a true Renaissance man. - Brilliant prodigy in many diverse areas, such as sculpture, the fine arts, music, engineering, and his various inventions. - gathered immense knowledge of the human body, dissecting cadavers at the morgue - gained great social renown for his work |
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Michaelangelo: |
- a sculptor, engineer, painter, and architect - favorite painting style was "fresco" - Sistine Chapel painting |
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William Shakespeare |
- playwright, poet, author, and partial owner of a play company. - during his lifetime only men could play on stage; Romeo and Juliet were both played by men. |
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define the fresco art technique |
painting on plaster before it dries |
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Miguel de Cervantes |
- a spanish writer whose most famous work was called Don Quixote - title character was an elderly knight who had epic battles with windmills, a satire on medieval europe - first real piece of Satire |
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define satire |
the use of humor, ridicule, and exagerration, to mock a person, era, or political standpoint. |
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Niccolo Machiavelli |
- an Italian writer and government official in the city of Florence - his most famous work was The Prince, which he wrote and sent in hope of winning favor with the Medici family - The Prince was an intensely practical guide to the exercise of dirty politics to gain power during the Renaissance |
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Dante Alighieri |
- wrote The Divine Comedy, a vision of his journey through hell, purgatory, and heaven guided by Virgil - poet, author, and politician - important since the wildly popular Divine Comedy was written in Italian rather than the normal high-brow Latin |
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who invented the printing press? |
Johann Gutenberg |
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social causes of the reformation; |
- the renaissance values of humanism and secularism led them to question the power of the church - greater awareness of direct church ideas helped to increase skepticism, the spread started by the printing press. |
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political causes of the reformation: |
- powerful monarchs challenged the church as the extreme authority in Europe. - Henry VIII, for example, ignored the Pope's denial of his divorce and started his own Church of England. - Many leaders viewed the Pope as a foreign leader and often challenged his authority |
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economic causes of the reformation |
- the church was incredibly wealthy and political leaders quickly became jealous - many resented paying taxes to the church, especially merchants, business men, and wealthy land owners |
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religious causes of the reformation |
- indulgence: full or partial remission of sins which must be earned through paying money to the church - this was a major point contested by Martin Luther |
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define indulgences: |
- the full or partial remission of sins through paying money to the church, discriminating against the poor |
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list the christian hierarchy from most powerful to least |
pope, cardinals, bishops, common clergy, and the laity |
