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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What three events led to the Renaissance? |
- humanism - growth of city states - travel and commerce |
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What ideas did Europeans revive during the Renaissance? |
Classical ideas. |
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What are the classics? |
Ideas and philosophies of Greek and Rome. |
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Who was Petrarch? |
An early leader of the Humanist movement. One of the first thinkers to stress the value of classical learning. |
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How did the re-opening of the Silk Roads affect Europeans? |
It opened Europeans up to a host of new goods and ideas. |
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What desires did humanism strengthen? |
To experiment, explore, and create. |
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The word Renaissance is French for... |
Rebirth. |
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Why did Humanism weaken the Catholic church? |
Humanism inspired people to think for themselves and not just blindly accept church teachings. |
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Where did the Renaissance begin? |
1300s. |
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How long did the Renaissance last? |
300 years.
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An independent state consisting of a city and its surrounding territory is called a... |
City-state. |
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Italian city-states were ruled by... |
Merchants. |
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Which Italian city was the cradle of the Renaissance/the banking center of Europe? |
Florence. |
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Which powerful merchant family ruled Florence? |
Medici Family. |
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How did the Renaissance art differ from Medieval art? |
Medieval art was mostly religious. Renaissance art was more realistic and had perspective. |
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What is perspective in art? |
Perspective produces a 3-D appearance. |
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Who was the true "Renaissance Man" known for the Mona Lisa and his creative inventions? |
Leonardo da Vinci. |
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Who sculpted the David and painted the Sistine Chapel ceiling? |
Michelangelo. |
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What is the most famous piece of architecture from the Renaissance? |
The Duomo. |
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What is the vernacular? |
Common language. |
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Which Italian writer wrote the Divine Comedy and wrote in Italian instead of Latin? |
Dante Alighieri. |
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Which Italian writer used his experience to write The Prince? |
Niccolo Machiavelli. |
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What important invention helped with the spread of Renaissance ideas? |
Printing press. |
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Who was Johann Gutenberg? |
A German man who invented the printing press. |
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What were the impacts of the Printing Press? (list four) |
- hundreds of copies of books made quickly - higher availability of books = cheaper books - helped spread ideas - started printing in the vernacular |
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List two ways the Northern Renaissance differed from the Italian Renaissance. |
1. Northern Renaissance didn't study Classics. 2. Created more detailed works in everyday life. |
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Who was William Shakespeare? |
He was the most famous writer and playwright of the Northern Renaissance. |
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List three types of Protestantism found in Europe in the 16th century. |
1. Lutheranism 2. Calvinism 3. Church of England |
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List three reasons why the Catholic church was corrupt before the Renaissance. |
1. Clergy more focused on good life than God 2. Clergy used questionable practices to raise $$ 3. Popes concerned w/ power more than religion |
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What is an indulgence? |
Indulgences were sold as if they were a pardon for a sin people could buy to avoid punishment in the afterlife. |
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The Catholic church briefly split into two churches during the 14th century. What was this event called? |
Western Schism. |
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Who was the Dutch humanist that wrote a book attacking the corruption of the Church? |
Desiderius Erasmus. |
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What was the name of the German monk who was the most successful reformer of the Reformation? |
Martin Luther. |
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Luther argued that salvation was a gift from God which was given for a person's _______________. |
Faith. |
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What is a Protestant? |
The name for Christians who broke from the Catholic church. |
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Who was the church reformer that started Calvinism and argued for predestination? |
John Calvin. |
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Which King of England started the Church of England? |
King Henry VIII. |
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Why did King Henry VIII start the Church of England? |
He wanted a divorce, but the pope said no. |
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What English reformer wanted the Church of England to abandon Catholic beliefs/practices? |
William Tyndale. |
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What was the Counter Reformation? |
The movement by the Catholic church that was started to clarify teachings, correct abuses, and win back followers. |
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What was the Council of Trent? |
A council with meetings of church leaders that began in Trent, Italy. |
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List three things the Jesuits did. |
- preach. - educate people. - perform services. |
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What was the Inquisition? |
A movement within the Catholic church to seek out/condemn people with beliefs that were considered to be dangerous (heretics). |
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Why did Christian groups organize missions? |
To persuade people with different religious views. |
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How did Protestantism spread overseas? |
They settled overseas. |
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What did the Peace of Westphalia recognize? |
The permanent division of Western Europe into Catholic and Protestant nations. |
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What did the Protestant practice of church self-government lead to? |
The development of democratic practices. |
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The idea that people could join together and voluntarily form a government comes from what religious agreement? |
Covenant. |
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How did church ideas lead to federalism? |
Covenants of Calvinist churches allowed members of a church to share power with clergy. |
