Rels Final

Front 1

Sikh

Back 1

Northern Indian, with 20M worldwide. Founded by Guru Nanak. Sikh means disciple. Ideas are on Universal Truth, Social Equality, Honest Living, devotion to god, focus on heart not head.

Front 2

Guru

Back 2

guru means teacher.. Guru is one of the ten leaders / teachers of Sikhism. Also includes words of the Guru (text is final Guru)

Front 3

Sant

Back 3

Precursor to Sikh tradition
focus on mysticism, devotion to god
Transcend theological differences

Front 4

Sufi

Back 4

Muslim Mystics.
Monotheistic, Devotional, and Iconoclastic (Sant, sufi and sikh)

Front 5

Kabir

Back 5

poet, which was most famous for bridging Sufi Mysticism and Hindu devotion

Front 6

Iconoclastic

Back 6

Cant be depicted, rejecting pictures
Divine cannot be pictures

Front 7

Hagiography

Back 7

Life story of a religious person from an insiders perspective

Front 8

Janam Sakhis

Back 8

Birth stories of Guru Nanak.
Born in pakistan
Three phases of life
1) Early (Work, Marriage, Contemplation)
2) Awakening - Revelation (dissappeared while bathing) , pilgrimage
3) conclusion, establishing first Sikh panth

Front 9

Mul Mantar

Back 9

Guru Nanak Divine Calling in the river
Opening lines of Guru Granth Sahib
embodies theology/heart of Sikh tradition
nouns/adj.

Front 10

dan, seva and ishnan

Back 10

Dan - charity
Seva - Service
Dan and Seva are connection to society
Ishnan - purity (connection to self)

Front 11

Guru Arjan

Back 11

1) construction of the Harmandir at city of Amritsar
2) Compilation of Adi Granth (Guru Granth Sahib)

Front 12

Gurdwara

Back 12

Place of worship, "Gateway to the Guru", focus on Granth Sahib

Front 13

Guru Gobind Singh

Back 13

Crystallization of the Adi Granth, Shift from human to scriptural authority, composition of Dasam Granth. Creation of the Khalsa

Front 14

Khalsa

Back 14

Founded in 1699 by Guru Gobind Singh. First members of Khalsa were the panj pyare. Initiated with amrit.

Front 15

Panj Pyare

Back 15

Five Cherished Ones.. first members of the Khalsa.

Front 16

Five K's

Back 16

Kesh (hair), Kangha (comb), Kara, Kaccha, Kirpan

Front 17

Singh/Kaur

Back 17

Singh - Lion
Kaur - Princess

Given to khalsa sikhs, to elimate caste system and embrace social equality

Front 18

Amrit dhari

Back 18

iniatied khalsa sikhs who have taken amrit

Front 19

Manmukh to Gurmukh

Back 19

Manmukh (self-centered) to Gurmukh (Guru-centered) - remove ego, selfishness etc

Front 20

hukam, haumai and nam simaran

Back 20

World is governed by hukam (divine order), problem in life is haumai (ego, selfishness), nam simaran (repeating name of god) is the key to overcoming haumai.

Front 21

Confucianism

Back 21

political, ethical and social philosophy seeking harmony on all levels. Humanist philisophy

Front 22

Animism

Back 22

From the Latin Anima (soul/spirits)
World is full of spirits
Everything is animate (animated by cosmic energy)

Front 23

Shang Dynasty

Back 23

Connection between human and spirit realms and between political and spiritual matters.

High god ruled in heaven: Shangdi/DI
Nor personal/creator god
ppl turned to gods for favours

Front 24

Zhou Dynasty

Back 24

Overthrows Shang dynasty, spirits move from personal spirits to impersonal. focus on Shangdi/Di moves to Tien (heaven)

Front 25

Ren

Back 25

Sense of human-ness (humanity, goodness, compassion)
We should all cultivate ren
humans greatest potential

Front 26

Li

Back 26

Previously meant rules governing religious rituals
Has two general meanings now
1) concrete guide to human relationships/rules of proper action
2) general principle of social order
Basically, doing the right thing at the right time to your right place in society

Front 27

Five Cardinal Relationships

Back 27

1) Husband/Wife
2) parent/child
3) Older friend/Younger friend
4) ruler/subject
5) older brother/younger brother
- basic social relationships found in humanity, society is in harmony when everyone knows there place

Front 28

Rectification of Names

Back 28

Chaos comes from calling things by the wrong name. Language used in accordance with the truth of things, more than just language act as the role you are in.

Front 29

Xiao

Back 29

Filial Peity - Hsiao
Love for parents through respect and duty
develops Ren

Front 30

Junzi

Back 30

gentleman, noble, exemplary. Not about status, about what you do with your virtues.

Front 31

Yi

Back 31

"righteousness"
- moral disposition to do good
- follow Li becuz its right

Front 32

Shu

Back 32

aka "Silver Rule"
Means reciprocity, basically dont do to others what you yourself does not desire

Front 33

Ancestor Worship

Back 33

deceased continue to have close influence with those on earth, gotta pay them respects

Front 34

Divination

Back 34

finding the answer to a question through a ritual (rolling dice to determine something)
In ancient china, this was done through animal bones.

Front 35

Axial Age

Back 35

8th C. -2nd C BCE founded by Karl Jaspers
6-5 BCE - Buddhism/Confucianism
5-4 BCE - Plato, Aristotle
1 BCE - The Upanishads

Front 36

Kung Fu Tze

Back 36

aka Kongzi, Confucius.. born in state of Lu. Parents died during childhood, was very poor.. became influential philosopher.. his sayings were collected in the Analects (Lunyu)

Front 37

Yellow Emperor

Back 37

Rules for a 100 years, said to have studied with sages and being the perfect ruler before ascending to Tien (heaven) on a dragons back and becomes immortal

Front 38

Daodejing

Back 38

Translates roughly into "Treatise of the Way and its Power"
5000 characters, very short
most translated scripture after the bible
enigmatic (hard to understand)

Front 39

Laozi

Back 39

aka Lao Tzu, means Old Master
Said to have written the Daodejing on his way out of society.

Front 40

Dao

Back 40

way of nature, principle underlying all things
Everything we see is a manifestation of the Dao
Dao is not a God, but a way of life, source of creation, ultimate, un-describable, not to be worshipped.

Front 41

De

Back 41

Translated into virtue or integrity, inner power.
What you are, embodiment of the Dao
Unique and personal power, everything has De

Front 42

Qi or Chi

Back 42

Energy, cosmic vital energy
Courses through everything, Dao, cosmos, us,
Basic material, animates life (connects to breath)
energy of human body

Front 43

Wu

Back 43

emptiness, lacking qualitites.. not same as nothingness
room for improvement

Front 44

Wu Wei

Back 44

Not doing nothing, non intervention
Living by or going along with the Dao
Path of least resistance

Front 45

Zhenren

Back 45

Not scholarly, but true and genuine person
express wisdom through everyday living such as butchers, woodcarvers, blacksmith
"Street smart, not book smart"

Front 46

P'u

Back 46

Things in their natural state, uncarved block
Have natural power

Front 47

Xunzi

Back 47

Confucian Scholar who said that humans are naturally evil so we need standards and laws to ensure society is in harmony

Front 48

Zhuangzi

Back 48

Major Daoist book and author (same name)
Introduced themes of Wu wei, Zhenren, Ziran and Pu

Front 49

Yin Yang

Back 49

Principle of complementarity, depend on each other cannot be isolated. Seeking perfect balance.

Harmonious/Balanced Dualism

"Can't fully understand good without understanding bad"