Religion Unit 3 Review

Front 1

Sin and its effects are visible everywhere:

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Exploitive relationships, loveless families, crime, oppression, etc

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Sin is always understood...

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As a refusal to do God's will

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What are we influenced by just by being born?

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The state of sin that exists in the world

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We are born...

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with a tendency to self-centredness

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As we mature...

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We eventually make a conscious decision to accept and be a part of this evil. Thus we commit our own personal sins

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What do the stories of Genesis (Adam and Eve, Cain and Abel) explain?

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They are explanations that teach us that God is not the author of evil, humans are

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Christian Scriptures affirm to what?

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They add to the Hebrew Scriptures image of sin

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The Christian Scriptures talk about...

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Sin in relationship to Jesus, who came to forgive and conquer sin

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What are the conditions of sin?

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1) Sufficient knowledge of what you're doing

2) Full consent of the will

3) Serious matter- causes real evil to myself or another person. Often the gravity of the evil determines the gravity of the sin

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When is a person considered not guilty of sin?

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If knowledge or consent is completely absent

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Degrees of Sin

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Mortal sin, venial sin, sins of commission, sins of ommission, social sin

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Mortal Sin (major sin)

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a complete break in one's relationship with God; conscious decision to turn away from God's offer of love; murder, slander; cannot be committed by accident; involves a whole life; orientation that has caused us to turn away from God completely

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Venial (Minor Sin)

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Does not completely separate us from God but represents a "cooling" in the relationship; failure to be honest, crude behavior, stealing

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Sins of Commission

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Doing wrong

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Sins of Omission

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Failing to do what is right (protecting someone)

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Social sin

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Describes human-made structures when they offend human dignity by causing people to suffer oppression, exploitation, or marginalization; leads its victims to do evil in turn; slavery laws; Nazi control

Front 17

What are the seven deadly sins?

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Pride, greed, lust, gluttony, envy, wraith, sloth

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Pride

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An over high opinion of oneself; exaggerated self-esteem; conceit, arrogance, vanity, self-satisfaction

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Greed

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An excessive desire for acquiring or having; desire for more than one needs or deserves

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Lust

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To feel an intense desire, especially sexual desire; to long; after or for

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Anger

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A strong feeling excited by a real or supposed injury; often accompanied by a desire to take vengeance, or to obtain satisfaction from the offending party; resentment; wraith

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Gluttony

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One who eats too much; one with a great capacity for something; a glutton for work

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Envy

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To resent another for excellence or superiortiy in any way, and to be desirous of acquiring it

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Sloth

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Disinclination to action or labor; sluggishness; habitual indolence; laziness, idleness, slowness; delay

Front 25

What is a virtue?

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A virtue is a habit that perfects the powers of the soul and disposes you to do good. Through the goodness of God, humans have grace, which allows them to do the right thing. As humans we need God's help, guidance, and wisdom to recognize the value of the right thing

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Theological virtues

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Our source of energy for perfecting our relationship with God; Faith, hope, love/charity

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Faith

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Belief in God as a gift and a response; faith invites us to believe in God and also to accept or reject him

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Hope

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Enables us to live for the kingdom and eternal life. It helps us overcome discouragement. It works with faith and love to give us confidence to live a better life

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Love/Charity

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Is the greatest of all theological virtues. It gives to the commandment to love all things, including one's neighbor; God is love, and love is God. Love make all things possible

Front 30

Cardinal virtues

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As a human, we already have these; we try to develop these and become a person of good moral character, like Jesus; prudence, justice, temperance, fortitude

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Prudence

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The opposite of being impulsive-making moral decisions impulsively can get you into trouble; approach decisions with good judgement and reason; helps you to stop and think before you act

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Justice

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This concerns giving both God and neighbor their due:thinking about the needs of others before your own and acting fair; is about loving your neighbor

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Temperance

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About having balance in life- the pleasures of life must be balanced with moderation; self control in all areas of life

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Fortitude

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Courage; moral virtue that strengthens us to overcome obstacles to living morally-it helps you overcome all types of temptations

Front 35

What are laws designed to do?

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Protect and defend the rights and interests of the common good; protect the members of the group from possible harm while preserving the bond and unity that is created within the group

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5 basic requirements of a law

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A lawmaker, specific direction of action, the common good, a specific group of people, obligation

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A Lawmaker

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1)God's law-divine positive law (God began his law with the covenant; it is from God so it is divine and cannot be changed or altered; it is positive law

2) Natural Law-Natural Moral Law (Created in God's image, God's law is in us. This make the law natural. It is moral because it deal applies only to moral acts- acts that involve free will

3) Human Law-Human Positive Law (these laws are created by humans (ie stop signs). They are positive because they are clearly written; they are conditioned by modern times, culture, and place

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A specific direction of action

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Laws are written specifically so people know how to act.

1) Civil Laws - laws that are written and enforced by local, national and worldwide groups (ex municipal, provincial, federal) that cover all areas of human life

2) Canon Law - supreme law of the Church that covers all aspects of Church life (teachings, customs, sacraments,etc)

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The common good

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Laws are made to protect the rights, well being and interests of all people - the common good

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A specific rgoup of people

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Laws are set up to help groups/institutions realize the good life in a way that is helpful and beneficial to all

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Obligation

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As humans, we are morally obligated to protect the common good and the laws that promote it. On the other hand we need to stand up against laws that do not protect the dignity or well being of people.

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Natural Law

Back 42

human nature is the basis for establishing principles of morality

1) Do good and avoid evil

2) It is instinctive to persevere in being-this is common to all creation. Therefore, protecting and preserving life as basic value belongs to natural law on the basis of inclination

3) Be true to your human nature:tendency towards procreation and education of offspring (order of nature)

4) Humans are rational therefore whatever pertains to reason belongs to the natural law-tendency towards truth and cooperation in a social existence

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Inclination

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A person's ability to act in a particular way

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Bioethics

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addresses moral issues related to health care and medicine.

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Fundamental principles of bioethics

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1)Life is a gift of inestimable value. All reflection on moral issues that relate to the lab or hospital should begin and end with this principle of respect for life

2)Science must be used to benefit people; must operate with conscience

3) human beings are a unity of body and spirit; an intervention on the human body affects not only tissues, organs, and their functions; it also involves the person himself

4)What is technically possible is not for that very reason morally admissible. Not every medical advancement serves us for the better

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Vocation

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3 different callings that people receive in life

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The three vocations of the Church

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Single Life, Married Life, Holy Orders

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Single Life

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Whether chosen or the result of circumstances, the single life is as much a call to grow, to develop, to love, and to serve as being married; Jesus is a single person to follow

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Pro of single life- opportunity of freedom; make decisions based on own goals, needs; make types of work without making time commitment to your spouse

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Cons to single life-may lead to egocenterism or a self centered outlook because there are fewer opportunities for give and take relationships. A person may develop an inability to commit to anyone or anything

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Pro of single life-opportunity for solitude: offers a greater opportunity for being alone for thought, creative pursuits, rest, learning or prayer

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Cons to single life-loneliness:can be alone even when we are around people; fear of growing older or not having children

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Pro to single life-opportunity for professional commitment: gives the single person the opportunity to focus on work, and the flexibility to relocate for a new job or a promotion

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Cons to single life-the job trap: employers come to expect that the single person can dedicate their life to the job and take advantage

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Pro to single life:opportunity for wider friendships-possibility for a wider network of friends

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Cons to single life-not belonging to one special person-particularly true when you confront the aging process and the desire for companionship

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Pro to single life-a less expensive life style: depends a lot on the lifestyle you choose; however, you do not have to support a family; can live in shared housing or with parents

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Cons to single life-A more expensive lifestyle: cost of furnishing a household alone; taxes higher for a single person; cooking is difficult; housing can be difficult

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Path to Marriage

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Recently, cohabitation is just common sense; train for marriage; avoids mistakes of marrying the wrong person

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Communication before marriage

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1. Roles on marriage (chores, child rearing, etc)

2. Support of the family (in-laws)

3. Children (How many? When?)

4. Where are you going to live? (Raise your children)

5. Financial issues (How will you cope? Okay with their job?)

6. Lifestyle choices (friends, counseling, hobbies)

7. Religious beliefs and importance

8. Sex

9. Why are you getting married?

10. Views on divorce? Counseling, etc

Front 56

Catholic Church definition of Marriage

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A permanent and faithful love bond made freely; deliberate choice and promise by two people for each other over any and all others

Front 57

What marriages does the Church not recognize?

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Marriages into which couples are somehow pressured or forced against their will

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A Church Wedding

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A ceremony performed in a Church building

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Marriage in a Church

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A marriage preparation course is required so that a couple realizes that marriage is a sacrament in union with the whole Church

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Covenant

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A deeply serious, personal, solemn promise made between persons

Front 61

Church views marriage as a covenant that mirrors what?

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God's covenant with His people

Front 62

According to the Catholic Church, what is the purpose of sexual intercourse?

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Unitive and procreative

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Chastity

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Refers to a sense of purity of relationships. In terms of intercourse, chastity means only having intercourse in marriage with one's spouse; sexual self control in accordance with what we believe i God's plan for everyone

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Celibacy

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The commitment not to participate in sexual activity and is usually associated with religious orders

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Abstinence

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The ability to refrain from any sexual activity

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Civil Law

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Law of the Land applying to each individual

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Canon Law

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Laws of the Church-means "rule"

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Holy Orders

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A calling by God to dedicate your life to the Church; becoming a priest or nun

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Opposite of pride

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Virtue of Humility

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Opposite of Envy

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Virtue of Love

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Opposite of Gluttony

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Virtue of Temperance

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Opposite of Lust

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Virtue of Self control

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Opposite of anger

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Virtue of kindness

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Opposite of greed

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Virtue of generosity

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Opposite of Sloths

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Virtue of Zeal