Religion

Front 1

Mohenjo-Daro

Back 1

the great city of paved streets in Indus valley

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Harappa

Back 2

second of great cities in Indus carefully planned out, excelled in trade

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Aryans

Back 3

take over ancient India under Asoka, turns to Buddhism after Bloody battles

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Vedas

Back 4

the sacred writings of the Aryans

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Reincarnation

Back 5

the belief of the Hindu that you are reborn repeatedly in new bodies

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Hinduism

Back 6

religion major in India, no creator of religion, lead to Buddhism

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Indus

Back 7

the river in India that civilization thrived on

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Ganges

Back 8

another river in India that supported a civilization

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Brahman

Back 9

the God of the Hindus

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Brahma

Back 10

the creator out of the trinity in Hindu

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Vishnu

Back 11

the sustainer of the trinity

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Shin

Back 12

the destroyer of the trinity

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Castes

Back 13

the social classes of the Hindu

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Brahmins

Back 14

highest-ranking Caste, priests and teachers, smallest in number

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Kshatrias

Back 15

the warriors and the rulers’ caste

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Vaishyas

Back 16

common people, traders, farmers, herder’s caste

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Sudras

Back 17

servant’s caste

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Untouchables

Back 18

the mostly non-Hindu people and those who did work that Hindu disagreed with

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The Buddha

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Siddhartha Gautama, meditated on the troubles of the world and became enlightened

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Buddhism

Back 20

Evolved from Hinduism, believed you could reach Nirvana in first life, followed teachings of The Buddha

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4 Noble Truths

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Life means suffering, suffering is caused by desire, restraining desire can end suffering, knowing this makes you ready for the 8-fold path

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Middle Path

Back 22

the way a Buddhist is to conduct his Life, rightness of views, intent, speech, conduct, means of livelihood, mindfulness, endeavors, meditation

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Maurya

Back 23

Indian dynasty in the fourth-third centuries BCE, unified the subcontinent for the first time, contributed to the spread of Buddhism.

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Asoka

Back 24

the great ruler of ancient India; takes up Buddhism after battles, forms monasteries

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Guptas

Back 25

Indian dynasty; lead by Chandra Gupta, who built Mohenjo-Daro

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Yellow River

Back 26

the river in China that supported the Chinese civilization

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Shang Dynasty

Back 27

preceded the Zhao dynasty, used oracle bones, the first dynasty

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Pan Ku

Back 28

Chinese creator; giant

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Mandate of Heaven

Back 29

what the rulers used to stay in power, they said the Gods would not let an unjust ruler remain

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Chou

Back 30

or Zhao, overthrow the Shang

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Chin

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or Qin, unite China, 10,000 terracotta soldiers, shunned Confucians, and built small walls united to form Great Wall, built roads

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Confucius

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the man whose teachings lead to Confucianism, duties to family and friends, wrote the Analects, said by nature people are kind

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Taoism

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founded by Lao Tzu, adapt don’t struggle, three treasures- love, moderation, contentment, people are corrupted by society

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Legalism

Back 34

by nature people are bad, people need strong government to lead

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Han

Back 35

rules under mandate of heaven, uses Confucianism to cloak legalist morals, Lu rules through husband and gets whole family killed

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Shintoism

Back 36

“the way of the gods” prayers in gardens, god is good man is good therefore man is god, priests have other jobs

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Justinian

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the leader of Constantinople who tried to reunite Rome but failed, had great general Crassus

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Byzantine Empire

Back 38

the empire built on Constantinople and the ruins of the old Roman Empire

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Russian Orthodox

Back 39

the branch of Christianity founded in Kiev, Russia

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Kiev

Back 40

the capitol of Russia and center

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Slavs

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the people of Russia, hired three Russian brothers to come and rule

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Dnieper

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the river in Russia

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Vladimir

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Russian Grand Duke, converted to Christianity

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Ivan III

Back 44

freed Russia from Mongol rule

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Ivan IV or the Terrible

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first Russian to take the title of Tzar; killed son, insane

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Judaism

Back 46

Friday is Sabbath, founded by Abraham, Yom Kippur is holiest day

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Jewish Terms

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Orthodox, Reformed, Conservative; synagogue, temple, menorah, shema

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Islam

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founded my Mohammed, holy book is Koran, Mecca is holy city, worships Allah

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Mohammed

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founder of Islam, prophet of Allah, grew up as camel merchant

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Mecca

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holy city, one of the 5 pillars

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Shiites

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only Mohammed’s descendants can be religious leaders

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Sunnis

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anybody that is qualified can be leader

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Medina

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holy city, where Muhammad is buried, where Muhammad fled to- Hijra

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Great Mosque

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In Jerusalem, contains the Kaaba

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Kaaba

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contains the black rock, turned black when Adam and Eve sinned

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5 pillars

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Alms, Hajj, Creed, 5 prayers a day, Ramadan

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Dome of the Rock

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in Jerusalem, Covers the boulder that Muhammad ascended from

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Omar Khayyam

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wrote the quatrain poems- Rubaiyat

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Czar (Tsar)

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Dictator of Russia

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Cyril

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worked with Methodius; created Cryillic alphabet- Slavonic written language

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Methodius

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converted many slavs/Moravians to christianity

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Moscow

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Russian capital

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Allah

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Islamic God

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Bedouin

Back 64

desert-dwelling Muslim nomads

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Koran

Back 65

Islamic Holy book