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31 Cards in this Set

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“The true faith compels us to believe that there is one holy catholic apostolic church, and this we firmly believe and plainly confess. And outside of her there is no salvation or remission of sins… Therefore there is one body of the one and only church, and one head, not two heads, as if the church were a monster. And this head is Christ and his vicar, Peter and his successor; … By the words of the gospel we are taught that the two swords, namely, the spiritual authority and the temporal are in the power of the church… The former is to be used by the church, the later for the church; the one by the hand of the priests, the other by the hand of kings and knights, but at the command and permission of the priest.”
Pope Boniface VIII and his Unam Sanctam (1302)
“The general council of Christians or its majority alone has the authority to define doubtful passages of the divine law, and to determine those that are to be regarded as articles of Christian faith, belief in which is essential to salvation; and no partial or single person of any position has the authority to decide these questions.”
Marsilius of Padua
Defender of Peace (Defensor Pacis).
“The gospels teach that no temporal punishment or penalty should be used to compel observance of divine commandments…”
Marsilius of Padua
Defender of Peace (Defensor Pacis).
“No bishop or priest has coercive authority or jurisdiction over any layman or clergyman, even if he is a heretic…”
Marsilius of Padua
Defender of Peace (Defensor Pacis).
All bishops derive their authority in equal measure immediately from Christ, and it cannot be proved from the divine law that one bishop should be over or under another, in temporal or spiritual matters.”
Marsilius of Padua
Defender of Peace (Defensor Pacis).
“If he who is to be called Peter’s vicar follows in the paths of virtue, we believe that he is his true vicar and the chief pontiff of the church over which he rules. But, if he walks in the opposite paths, then he is the legate of antichrist at variance with Peter and Jesus Christ… No pope is the manifest and true successor of Peter, the prince of the apostles, if in morals he lives at variance with the principles of Peter; and if he is avaricious, then is he the vicar of Judas, who loved the reward of iniquity and sold Jesus Christ.And by the same kind of proof the cardinals are not the manifest and true successors of the college of Christ’s other apostles unless the cardinals live after the manner of the apostles and keep the commands and counsels of our Lord Jesus Christ… It is clear that the pope may err, and the more grievously because, in a given case, he may sin more abundantly, intensely and irresistibly than others… In view of these things it is to be held that to rebel against an erring pope is to obey Christ the Lord
John Wyclif
On the Church (De ecclesia, 1413
“This holy synod of Constance… declares that this synod, legally assembled, [1] is a general council, and represents the catholic church militant and has its authority directly from Christ; [2] and everybody, of whatever rank or dignity, including also the pope, is bound to obey this council in those things which pertain to the faith, to the ending of this schism, and to a general reformation of the church in its head and members. [3] Likewise it declares that if anyone, of whatever rank, condition, or dignity, including also the pope, shall refuse to obey the commands, statutes, ordinances, or orders of this holy council, or of any other holy council properly assembled, in regard to the ending of the schism and to the reformation of the church, he shall be subject to proper punishment…”
Council of Constance
Haec Sancta (6 May 1415):
“A good way to till the field of the Lord is to hold general councils frequently, because by them briers, thorns, and thistles of heresies, errors, and schisms are rooted out, abuses reformed, and the way of the Lord made more fruitful… We therefore decree by this perpetual edict that general councils shall be held as follows: The first one shall be held five years after the close of this council, the second one seven years after the close of the first, and forever thereafter one shall be held every ten years. One month before the close of each council the pope, with the approval and consent of the council, shall fix the place for holding the next council. If the pope fails to name the place the council must do so.”
Council of Constance
Frequens (9 October 1417):
“The whole of Aristotle’s Ethics is the worst enemy of grace.”
Martin Luther
Disputation Against Scholastic Theology (1517)
Thesis 41
“In vain does one transcend natural logic to construct a logic of faith.”
Martin Luther
Disputation Against Scholastic Theology (1517)
Thesis 46
“The whole of Aristotle is to theology as darkness to light.”
Martin Luther
Disputation Against Scholastic Theology (1517)
Thesis 50
"It is false to state that man’s inclination is free to choose between either of two opposites. Indeed, the inclination is not free but captive."
Martin Luther
De servo arbitrio (The Bondage of the Will, 1525).
“In order to uphold the authority of the Scripture, he declares that it is divinely inspired; for, if it be so, it is beyond all controversy that men ought to receive it with reverence. This is a principle which distinguishes our religion from all others, that we know that God hath spoken to us, and are fully convinced that the prophets did not speak at their own suggestion, but that, being organs of the Holy Spirit, they only uttered what they had been commissioned from heaven to declare. Whoever then wishes to profit in the Scriptures, let him first of all, lay down this as a settled point, that the Law and the Prophets are not a doctrine delivered according to the will and pleasure of men, but dictated by the Holy Spirit.”
John Calvin’s
Commentary on II Timothy 3: 16-17
“Accordingly, we need not wonder if there are many who doubt as to the Author of the Scripture; for, although the majesty of God is displayed in it, yet none but those who have been enlightened by the Holy Spirit have eyes to perceive what ought, indeed, to have been visible to all, and yet is visible to the elect alone. This is the first clause, that we owe to the Scripture the same reverence which we owe to God; because it has proceeded from him alone, and has nothing belonging to man mixed with it.”
John Calvin
“But though experience testifies that a seed of religion is divinely sown in all, scarcely one in a hundred is found who cherishes it in his heart, and not one in whom it grows to maturity so far is it from yielding fruit in its season. Moreover, while some lose themselves in superstitious observances, and others, of set purpose, wickedly revolt from God, the result is that, in regard to the true knowledge of him, all are so degenerate, that in no part of the world can genuine godliness be found. In saying that some fall away into superstition, I mean not to insinuate that their excessive absurdity frees them from guilt; for the blindness under which they labor is almost invariably accompanied with vain pride and stubbornness.”
John Calvin's
Institutes of the Christian Religion, I. iv. 1
“Mingled vanity and pride appear in this, that when miserable men do seek after God, instead of ascending higher than themselves as they ought to do, they measure him by their own carnal stupidity, and, neglecting solid inquiry, fly off to indulge their curiosity in vain speculation. Hence, they do not conceive of him in the character in which he is manifested, but imagine him to be whatever their own rashness has devised. This abyss standing open, they cannot move one footstep without rushing headlong to destruction. With such an idea of God, nothing which they may attempt to offer in the way of worship or obedience can have any value in his sight, because it is not him they worship, but, instead of him, the dream and figment of their own heart.”
John Calvin's
Institutes of the Christian Religion,
“Therefore, though the effulgence which is presented to every eye, both in the heavens and on the earth, leaves the ingratitude of man without excuse, since God, in order to bring the whole human race under the same condemnation, holds forth to all, without exception, a mirror of his Deity in his works, another and better help must be given to guide us properly to God as a Creator. Not in vain, therefore, has he added the light of his Word in order that he might make himself known unto salvation, and bestowed the privilege on those whom he was pleased to bring into nearer and more familiar relation to himself.”
John Calvin's
Institutes of the Christian Religion
“As Adam’s spiritual life would have consisted in remaining united and bound to his Maker, so estrangement from him was the death of his soul. Nor is it strange that he who perverted the whole order of nature in heaven and earth deteriorated his race by his revolt. “The whole creation groaneth,” saith St Paul, “being made subject to vanity, not willingly.” If the reason is asked, there cannot be a doubt that creation bears part of the punishment deserved by man, for whose use all other creatures were made. Therefore, since through man’s fault a curse has extended above and below, over all the regions of the world, there is nothing unreasonable in its extending to all his offspring.”
John Calvin's
Institutes of the Christian Religion
“After the heavenly image in man was effaced, he not only was himself punished by a withdrawal of the ornaments in which he had been arrayed—viz. wisdom, virtue, justice, truth, and holiness, and by the substitution in their place of those dire pests, blindness, impotence, vanity, impurity, and unrighteousness, but he involved his posterity also, and plunged them in the same wretchedness. This is the hereditary corruption to which early Christian writers gave the name of Original Sin, meaning by the term the depravation of a nature formerly good and pure.”
John Calvin's
Institutes of the Christian Religion
“By predestination we mean the eternal decree of God, by which he determined with himself whatever he wished to happen with regard to every man. All are not created on equal terms, but some are preordained to eternal life, others to eternal damnation; and, accordingly, as each has been created for one or other of these ends, we say that he has been predestinated to life or to death.”
John Calvin's
Institutes of the Christian Religion
“The first absolute decree of God concerning the salvation of sinful man, is that by which he decreed to appoint his Son, Jesus Christ, for a Mediator, Redeemer, Savior, Priest and King, who might destroy sin by his own death, might by his obedience obtain the salvation which had been lost, and might communicate it by his own virtue.”
Jacobus Arminius’
Doctrine of Predestination (from, A Declaration of the Sentiment of Arminius, 1608
“The second precise and absolute decree of God, is that in which he decreed to receive into favor those who repent and believe, and, in Christ, for his sake and through Him, to effect the salvation of such penitents and believers as persevered to the end; but to leave in sin, and under wrath, all impenitent persons and unbelievers, and to damn them as aliens from Christ.”
Jacobus Arminius’
Doctrine of Predestination (from, A Declaration of the Sentiment of Arminius, 1608
“The third Divine decree is that by which God decreed to administer in a sufficient and efficacious manner the means which were necessary for repentance and faith; and to have such administration instituted (1.) according to the Divine Wisdom, by which God knows what is proper and becoming both to his mercy and his severity, and (2.) according to Divine Justice, by which He is prepared to adopt whatever his wisdom may prescribe and put it in execution.”
Jacobus Arminius’
Doctrine of Predestination (from, A Declaration of the Sentiment of Arminius, 1608
“To these succeeds the fourth decree, by which God decreed to save and damn certain particular persons. This decree has its foundation in the foreknowledge of God, by which he knew from all eternity those individuals who would, through his preventing grace, believe, and, through his subsequent grace would persevere, according to the before described administration of those means which are suitable and proper for conversion and faith; and, by which foreknowledge, he likewise knew those who would not believe and persevere.”
Jacobus Arminius’
Doctrine of Predestination (from, A Declaration of the Sentiment of Arminius, 1608
“But ah, no, the Scriptures speak of but one means, Christ and His merits, death, and blood. Therefore he who seeks the remission of his sins through baptism despises the blood of the Lord and makes water his idol. Therefore let every one be careful lest he ascribe the honor and glory due to Christ to ceremonies performed and to creaturely elements.”
Menno Simons
Contrast between genuine interior spirituality and bogus external ceremonialism
“It is true that Peter says, Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins (Acts 2:38). But this is not to be understood to mean that we receive the remission of our sins through baptism. Oh, no, for in such a program Christ and His merits are undone. We receive the remission of our sins in baptism as follows: The Lord commanded His Gospel to be preached to every creature so that all who believe and are baptized may be saved. Wherever there is faith, called the gift of God by Paul, there also are the power and fruits of faith. Wherever there is an active, fruitful faith, there is also the promise. But where such a faith does not exist (we speak of adults), there also is no promise.”
Menno Simons
Baptism of the regenerate
“Since infants do not have this cleansing, sanctifying faith, nor the means thereto (that is, understanding) and are not commanded in Scripture to be baptized, how then can they be cleansed with the washing of water by the Word, seeing they have no faith in the Word and no washing of water by the Word? Therefore, all Pedobaptists should know that their infant baptism does not only not cleanse and sanctify, but that it is altogether idolatry, without promise, pernicious, and contrary to the Word of the Lord.”
Menno Simons
The preeminence of faith over ceremonials
“And although infants have neither faith nor baptism, think not that they are therefore damned. Oh, no! they are saved; for they have the Lord’s own promise of the kingdom of God; not through any elements, ceremonies, and external rites, but solely by grace through Christ Jesus. And therefore we do truly believe that they are in a state of grace, pleasing to God, pure, holy, heirs of God and of eternal life. Yes, on account of this promise all sincere Christian believers may assuredly rejoice and comfort themselves in the salvation of their children.”
Menno Simons
Moral development and the age of accountability
“I tell you the truth in Christ, the rightly baptized disciples of Christ, note well, they who are baptized inwardly with Spirit and fire, and externally with water, according to the Word of the Lord, have no weapons except patience, hope, silence, and God’s Word. The weapons of our warfare, says Paul, are not carnal, but mighty through God to the pulling down of strongholds, casting down imaginations and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ (II Cor. 10:4, 5).”
Menno Simons
Pacifism and nonviolence
“Our weapons are not weapons with which cities and countries may be destroyed, walls and gates broken down, and human blood shed in torrents like water. But they are weapons with which the spiritual kingdom of the devil is destroyed and the wicked principle in man’s soul is broken down, flinty hearts broken, hearts that have never been sprinkled with the heavenly dew of the Holy Word. We have and know no other weapons besides this, the Lord knows, even if we should be torn into a thousand pieces, and if as many false witnesses rose up against us as there are spears of grass in the fields, and grains of sand upon the seashore. Once more, Christ is our fortress; patience our weapon of defense; the Word of God our sword; and our victory a courageous, firm, unfeigned faith in Jesus Christ.”
Menno Simons
“Spiritual warfare”
“They verily are not the true congregation of Christ who merely boast of His name. But they are the true congregation of Christ who are truly converted, who are born from above of God, who are of a regenerate mind by the operation of the Holy Spirit through the hearing of the divine Word, and have become the children of God, have entered into obedience to Him, and live unblamably in His holy commandments, and according to His holy will all their days, or from the moment of their call.”
Menno Simons
The “true” church