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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Southern States' Constitutions
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-New state constitutions were written under the supervision of military officals
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Fourteenth Amendment
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-Included universal manhood suffrage, legislative redistribution, and civil rights protection for blacks
-Public schools and social services established -women's rights extended -Criminal codes reformed -Economic recovery programs initiated -but no land confiscation/distribution |
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Republican Coalition
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-secured political power in South
-supported by Freedmen's Bureau and Union Leagues |
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Carpetbaggers
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-Northerners who moved South after the war
-Some were veterans economic opportunities -Others were missionaries or idealistic teachers |
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Scalawags
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-Southern white Republicans
-abused by Conservative Democrats |
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African-Americans & political offices
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-never equal to proportion of population
-2 Senators & 14 members in House of Reps. were elected -many made political contributions despite experience and limited edu. |
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Ku Klux Klan
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-late 1865
-intimidated and terrorized blacks and white Republicans in the South -there were other groups [Knights of White Camellia, South Carolina Red Shirts] that resorted to whippings and murder -white social hierarchy was slowly restored to power -gov. had no power to restrict them |
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Three Enforcement Acts
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-passed by Congress in 1870-1871
-goal: protect freedmen's right to vote, supervise elections, and outlaw Klan activities -KKK crushed in late 1871 by federal action |
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Civil Rights Act of 1875
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-sought to assure equal accommodations in public places and black participation on juries
-was not enforced -ker portions declared unconstitutional by Supreme Court in 1883 -ruled that discrimination by private individuals was not illegal |
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Radical Reconstruction
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-faded
-all but 3 Southern Republic gov. 'redeemed' by Conservative Demo. in 1876 -North tired of Southern problem and turned to other conflicts -vigorous Radical leaders [Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner] died -Democratic party would dominate 'Solid South' for generations |
